The Evapotranspiration Estimation And Evolution Characteristics Of Vegetation In Turpan Basin

Turpan Basin the typical Gobi desert is locating in eastern part of Xinjiang in thenorthwestern arid area of our country. With Hami basin, they are known as the one ofthree major oil and gas basins in Xinjiang. Turpan Basin being EW is a mountainbasin in the south of the Tianshan Mountains. It is famous for its grapes, and rich invarietal mineral resources. But its Specific natural and man-made factors make theregion’s ecological environment very fragile. In this region, the evaporation is intense,the soil erosion is serious, but the investigation and study on water resources onlyhave a low level. So, to get more rational development and utilization o f mineralresources and groundwater resources, as well as to prevent generating a significantimpact on the ecological environment of the region from the development andutilization of resources, the study on ecological environment in this area is seemedparticularly important.In this paper, the writer is using the remote sensing data of MODIS, GIMMSdata, Landsat data, combined with meteorological data on the Turpan Basin to docalculation and study on two major parts of its ecological environment system-egetation and e apotranspiration.$fter analyzing the area’s spatial and temporalevolution characteristics, this paper also researches vegetation and evapotranspirationof Turpan Basin and their key impact factors, such as precipitation, temperature,groundwater depth, elevation, slope, aspect. The results prove that:1,In Turpan Basin,the vegetation area becoming better surpass degraded area of vegetation, andvegetation cover gradually becomes higher;2, Natural vegetation area has overallupward trend;3, rainfall is a main effect factor in vegetation changes, Theircorrelation coefficient is0.761;4, The suitable water level conducive to the growth ofnatural vegetation is1.03m-4.5m;5, Based on surface energy balance system, theevapotranspiration of2010is;6, Temperature and precipitationare the main factors affecting evapotranspiration;7, The relationship of the changes ofvegetation and evapotranspiration has good conformability, Their correlationcoefficient is0.977, This suggests that the growth of ground vegetation is the mainfactor influencing the evapotranspiration.According to the analysis and research results of the above content, it will play aimportant based role in developing mineral resources, the rational development andutilization of groundwater resources and protect the region ecological environment system of Turpan Basin.