Injury Mechanisms Of High Blood Glucose And Fluctuant Blood Glucose To Mice Abdominal Aorta

ObjectiveThe present study was to detect the protein expression of CD34 and VEGF in the endothelium and investigate the relation to high blood glucose and fluctuant blood glucose pathological factors. Furthermore we analyzed the correlation between the two protein expression, and tried to explain mechanism of atherosclerosis in high blood glucose environment. The study also investigated the pathological mechanisms of vascular complication of diabetes patients, and attempted to find a new target of treatment.MethodsThe present study was finished by methods of animal model. During the experiment we divided mouse into three groups: control group, stable high blood glucose and fluctuant high blood glucose. We harvested the abdominal aorta for paraffin section. And we detected the protein expression of CD34 and VEGF by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was by student's analysis of variance,Chi-square test and Spearman.Results1 HE staining resultsIn this experiment ,comparing was found by HE staining ,there're not any obvious morphological atherosclerotic changes in high blood glucose in the stability group. In fluctuant blood glucose group there's only appeared harde- ning of the aeterial wall thickening, smooth muscle cell proliferation, a small amount of collagen fibers, elastic fibers and proteoglycan connective tissue matrix in the morphological changes etc.2 Immunohistochemistry Results(1) CD34 expression was positive or strong positive in cytoplasm and membrane in control group (90%, 9/10cases). While in stable high blood glucose and fluctuant blood glucose, CD34 expression was medium positive and weakly positive or negative (35%, 14/40cases). These three groups had statistical significance from each other (P<0.01). In stable high blood glucose, CD34 expression was medium positive or weakly positive (55%, 11/20cases); in fluctuant blood glucose, CD34 expression was weakly positive or negative (15%, 3/20cases).The two groups had statistical significance from each other (P<0.01). There was no statistical significance from other clinical pathological indications.(2) VEGF expression was absolutely negative in control group. In stable high blood glucose group, VEGF expression was medium positive, and in fluctuant blood glucose group, it was strong positive in cytoplasm and membrane (85%, 34/40cases). The three groups had statistical significance from each other (P<0.01). VEGF abnormal expression in fluctuant blood glucose in fluctuant high blood glucose group was 100%, which was significant higher than that in stable high blood glucose group (70%, 14/20cases). Statistical analysis suggested that the abnormal expression of VEGF in vascular endothelium was correlated to pathological classification (P<0.05).(3) In control group, CD34 expression was inverse correlated to VEGF expression (r=-0. 3250 P=0.0045).(4) In stable high blood glucose, CD34 expression was inverse correlated to VEGF expression, but there was no statistical significance( r=-0.1540 P= 0.5030).(5) In fluctuant high blood glucose, CD34 expression was inverse correl- ated to VEGF expression(r=-0.2950 P=0.0301).Conclusion(1) CD34 expression in control group was strong positive, while in stable high blood glucose and fluctuant high blood glucose was medium and weakly positive. So we can presume CD34 as a marker in high blood glucose induced endothelium injury.(2) The abnormal expression of VEGF in stable high blood glucose and fluctuant high blood glucose groups suggests that it may involve the development of atherosclerosis, and meanwhile maybe an early marker. VEGF's abnormal expression had relations to the degree of diabetes, which played an important role in micrangium and vascular genesis. And it can promote the progression of atherosclerosis.(3) In control blood glucose group, CD34 expression was inverse correlated to VEGF expression, which suggested that VEGF may involve the endothelium injury.(4) In stable high blood glucose group, CD34 expression was inverse correlated to VEGF expression, but there was no statistical significance.(5) In fluctuant high blood glucose, CD34 expression was inverse correlated to VEGF expression, which suggested that CD34 may involve in endothelium dysfunction.(6) In the early stage of diabetes,The morphological change of vascular disease is not so many ,therefore, there is not obvious symptoms in early disease, However, Abnormal change will appear in vascular endothelial function and abnormal changes associated proteins and related protein ,This is a preparatory sign of vascular complication of diabetes.