A Stereological Study In The Placenta Of Preeclampsia In Different Seasons

Objective:To explore the effect of climate changes on morphology and structure of placenta in preeclampsia by observing morphologic change and evaluating stereological parameters of human placenta villi in preeclampsia and normal pregnant women in different seasons. To provide theory basis for the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia.Methods:To chose those lying-in women who gave birth in Jiangxi maternity and child health care center from Mar.2009 to Feb.2010 as study objects.According to the climatic characteristics, there exist three seasonal types in a whole year:before and after type (Mar.-May and Sep.-Oct.)/summer type(Jun.-Aug.)and winter-spring type(Nov.-Feb.). To carry on morphological observations and evaluate stereological parameters based on 60 cases those who suffer from severe preeclampsia (20 cases of each seasonal type)/60 cases those who suffer from mild preeclampsia (20 cases of each seasonal type) and 60 cases those who have normal pregnancy (20 cases of each seasonal type),to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of morphological changes in placental villi in seasonal-type preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.Results:1. In terms of the percentage of placental villi with fiber necrosis,syncytial nodular and villi capillary congestion, the severe winter-spring type preeclampsia group was apparently higer than in severe summer type and before and after type preeclampsia group,but the percentage of vasculo-syncytial membrane in severe winter-spring type preeclampsia group was apparently lower than in severe summer type and before and after type preeclampsia group, and both the differences make apparent sense of statistical significance(P<0.01),but the difference between severe summer type and before and after type preeclampsia group was statistically insignificant(P>0.05).2.In terms of Vv of placental villi and villous capillary in severe seasonal-type preeclampsia, the severe winter-spring type preeclampsia group was lower than severe summer-type and before and after type preeclampsia group; in terms of Rsv in the severe winter-spring type preeclampsia group was higher than severe summer-type and before and after type preeclampsia group, and both the differences make sense of statistical significance (P<0.05), but the difference between before and after type and summer type was statistically insignificant(P>0.05).3.In terms of the percentage of placental villi with fiber necrosis, syncytial nodular and villi capillary congestion, the severe preeclampsia group was higer than mild preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group in same season,,but the percentage of vasculo-syncytial membrane in the severe preeclampsia group was lower than mild preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group, and both the differences make sense of statistical significance(P<0.05),but the difference between mild preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group was statistically insignificant (P>0.05).4.In terms of Vv of placental villi and villous capillary, the severe preeclampsia group was lower than mild preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group in same season, in terms of Rsv in the severe preeclampsia group was higher than mild preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group, and both the differences make sense of statistical significance(P<0.05),but the difference between mild preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group was statistically insignificant(P>0.05).5.In terms of the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and FGR disturbed from seasonal-type preeclampsia,the severe winter-spring type preeclampsia was higher than severe summer-type preeclampsia and before and after type preeclampsia, and the differences make sense of statistical significance (P<0.05),but the difference between severe sunmer type preeclampsia and severe before and after type preeclampsia was statistically insignificant(P>0.05).Conclusions:1.Climate can cause morphology and structure changes of placenta in severe preeclampsia, the morphologic change of placenta villi in severe winter and spring-type preeclampsia was more serious than in severe summer-type and before and after type preeclampsia.2.There exist pathological changes such as ischemia and hypoxia in placenta in severe preeclampsia,the morphology and structure of placenta villi between mild preeclampsia and normal pregnancy was no obvious difference.3.The pathological morphologic change of placenta villi maybe play a crucial role for the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia.4.The incidence of neonate adverse outcomes in severe winter-spring type preec-lampsia was higher than severe summer-type and before and after type preeclampsia.5.The characteristics of morphological change of placenta villi in severe winter-spring type preeclampsia may be one of key factors of high adverse outcomes of neonate in severe winter-spring type preeclampsia.