| Background and ObjectivesSpontaneous abortion is a kind of abortion which ends an un-intended pregnancy before 28 weeks.It is a frequent pathological pregnancy and often accounts for 15-20% in all clinically recognized pregnancies. Early spontaneous abortion is a kind of abortion which end un-intended pregnancy before 12 weeks. Eighty percent of abortion occur in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy in clinics. The etiology of spontaneous abortion contains factors of embryo and maternal. In abroad literatures, approximately 50-60% of spontaneous pregnancy losses can be explained by chromosomal anomalies of the foetus, infectious aetiologies,maternal endocrinology or anatomical comorbidity, but still 40-50% remains unexplained. A substantial portion of these unexplained cases can be attributable to an abnormal, abortogenic immune response of the mother towards potential antigens on the foetus. If the factor is of the foetus, and there may be a mistake in chromosomal or genes. Otherwise it is complicated. Domestic and abroad scholar do many testes and researches, and they have known some maternal factors of spontaneous abortion, but the exact mechanism is still not clear. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that progesterone may play a significant role in establishing an adequate immune response during the early stage of successful pregnancy. It is necessary to do more experiments to explore "unexplained" the mechanism of early spontaneous abortion to take precautions against and treat the disease that has important theoretical significance.In normal pregnancy, maternal uterine can accept semi/all-allograft and the embryo grow in decidua. Special microenvironment is formed in interface of maternal-fetal. It is a massive and complicated regulated net that is consisted of a large number of cytokine,immune factor,celladhesion molecules,proteoglycan besides sex steroids and receptors. If every one of regulator of the net is unusual that will cause others change to result spontaneous abortion. Someone has analyzed the gene expression profile and protein expression profile in the early spontaneous abortion decidual tissue, and acquired the data about expression changes of genes and proteins.To find more than one thousand genes and 73 proteins were different, but none factor or protein is decisive in the cause of early spontaneous abortion. In the recent years, the expression and significance of PR,PIBF,CSF-1 and IL-15 in early spontaneous abortion are becoming a hot point. Today, there are many reports about them with different or contrary opinions. The aims of this study is to investigate the expressions of the four protein in decidual tissues,to compare the expression of PR, PIBF, CSF-1 and IL-15 in decidua tissues between early normal pregnancy and spontaneous abortion in early gestation stage.The maternal pathological mechanism of early spontaneous abortion is also researched.Material and Methods25 cases of early spontaneous abortion women from the obstetrics and gynecology department in the second Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University from September,2009 to may,2010 were treated as the researching group.20 cases of healthy women with early normal pregnancy were treated as the control group. Decidua were collected after negative pressure aspiration.Streptavidin perorxidase immunostaining technique was used to examine the expression of PR,PIBF,CSF-1 and IL-15 in two groups, and to explore the influence and function in early gestation stage of pregnancy.All of the statistical analysis was preformed with statistical package SPSS version 13.0 software. The data was analyzed by t test,χ2 test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.α=0.05 was considered as statistically significant value.Results 1 The expressions of PR,PIBF,CSF-1 and IL-15 were founded in decidua tissues of both groups.2 There was no significant difference in the expression positive rates of PR,PIBF,CSF-1 between two groups (P>0.05), but the expression intensity of three protein positive stained in decidua tissues of the control group were higher than that of the study group,a statistically distinct difference in the expression was found (P＜0.05)3 There was no significant difference in the expression positive rate and intensity of IL-15 protein in decidua tissues of both groups, and it was found no statistically distinct difference(P>0.05)ConclusionsThe lower expressions of PR,PIBF,CSF-1 in decidua tissues were intimately associated with early spontaneous abortion. This is a little profile of complicated network of maternal cause in early spontaneous abortion. |
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