Light Propagation Characteristic Analysis And Optical Holographic Polymerization Experimental Study Of The Waveguide Grating. Periodic Microstructure

If the periodic structures are fabricated with materials of different dielectric-constants, the photonic band and photonic bandgap may be formed because of the Brag dispersion of the periodic structures to the light wave. The periodic dielectric-structure with photonic bandgap is called as photonic crystals. The photonic crystals have wide application in the optical communication, integrated optics and new photoelectric apparatus because of the existence of the photonic bandgap, for example, the reflector with high performance, photonic crystal waveguide, photonic microcavities, photonic crystal fiber, photonic crystal superprism etc. The fabrication of the photonic crystal obtains wide attention because of this, so to obtain the structure and parameter which are fit to the occurrence of the photonic bandgap by the analysis and calculation in theory, which have great significance to guide the experimental fabrication.Wave coupler is one of the key elements in the optical communication and integrated optics. The traditional wave couplers are mainly the prism coupler and reflective coupler. The former needs precision adjustment and the prism generally has big volume, so it is difficult to integrate and microminiaturize the prism coupler. The latter needs to make reflective surface with high reflectivity in the waveguide layer, its fabrication is very difficult. These situations make some limitations on theirs applications. However, a special one dimensional photonic crystals, waveguide grating, has more advantages than them, such as it has smooth surface and small volume, and is not limited by the refractive index and is easy to be integrated and so on, when it is used as the wave coupler. The waveguide grating has attractive application foreground in the integrated optics. So to analyze the coupling characteristic of the waveguide grating coupler with different structures are significant to improve its coupling efficiency, guide its fabrication and widen its application extension. In recent years, the polymer waveguide and the waveguide grating have attracted the more and more researchers' attention along with the research on the polymer materials, some fabrication methods of the waveguide grating have been proposed, such as the two-photon initiated...