Rare Earth Ions And The Interaction Of The Anti-microbial Drugs In Clinical Analysis

Lecithin is arguably the most widespread phospholipid in nature, and is found inmost living cells. Lecithin is present in variable quantities in many food products,including egg yolk, several different kinds of chocolate and, particularly, soya beanflour. It is an important constituent of biological membranes, and is found in manyanimal tissues and organs. It is also widespread among plants, and is abundant inlegumes, cereals and seed embryos in general. The physicochemical, biological andphysiological properties of lecithin make it useful in the pharmaceutical, food andcosmetics industries. Baenholzd reported that lecithin has an active effect on stayingcaducity, and in curing heart and vascular diseases. The level of lecithin in humanserum is normally between 1.9 and 3.5 mmol L–1 and can provide a valuable clinicaldiagnosis. Rises in the serum level above the normal range can cause sugar diabetes,nephropathy and hepatocirrhosis, while Graves' disease and anemia can result from theserum level falling below the normal range.Bilirubin, the important element of the gallstone of animal (for example bezoar),is the end product of heme metabolihumans. It is formed primarily in the liver, bonemarrow, or the spleen. It is a water-insoluble terapyrrole compound and present in theblood in an unconjugated form. Normal serum level of bilirubin in adults do not getahead of 2.0×10-5mol/L. Jaundice is a manifestation of excessive accumulation ofbilirubin in the circulatory system. Bilirubin level in newborns is typically 10 timeshigher than that of adults. On the other hand, a low bilirubin level may indicate an irondeficiency. So the bilirubin analysis is believed to have considerable medicinalproperties.Uric acid (UA) is an end product from purine derivatives in human metabolism.Moreover one of the functions of UA is to act as an antioxidant. The assay of UA inbody fluids is a clinically valuable diagnostic indicator. The presence of elevated UAlevel is a sign of gout, hyperuricemia or Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Similarly, elevatedUA levels are related to other conditions including increased alcohol consumption,obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, kidney disease and heartdisease. So sensitive and simple methods are developed for the determination of UAdue to its clinical significance.Coenzyme A (CoA) is natural coenzymes present in all animal and plantorganisms. It is one of the most active metabolic compounds. It obviously improvesthe symptoms of anorexia and spiritlessness, and it is usually used to treat the diseasesof leucocytopenia primary, thrombocytopenic purpura, functional low fever, and so on.It facilitates more than 100 chemical reactions in cells, including the metabolism ofamino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Most importantly, because of themercaptoethylamine contained in CoA, it initiates the tricarboxylic acid (ENXA) cyclethat produces more than 90% of the energy required for life processes.Therefore, it is of special value to study the interaction of medicine andbiomolecule for seeking the targets of medicine, designing the new type of medicineand studying the healing priciple and toxicity of medicine, etc.In this paper, according to the purposes of founding new research methods anddetecting biomacromolecue in samples, using molecule spectroscopy (fluorescencand UV spectroscopy), we have studied the interaction among lanthanide ions, drugand biomacromolecule and explained the properties of flurescence and established asensitive, simple and convenient method for the determination of lecithin, bilirubin ,uric acid and coenzyme A. There are four chapters.First, we selected quinolones-terbium (Tb3+) complex as a fluorescent probe andstudied the interaction between the complex and lecithin and its application.Quinolones are ideal ligands for Tb3+ ion which contain α-carbonyl carboxylic acidconfiguration. The fluorescence intensity of the Tb3+ can be reduced remarkably whenlecithin is added. Using this characteristic we established a new method to determinatelecithin. This method is successfully applied to the real samples.Second, using rare metal-drug complex as a fluorescent probe, we studied theinteraction between the complex and bilirubin and its application. A new method wasestablished for the determination of bilirubin. We studied the reaction mechanism andworked out their binding numbers. This method is simple and convenient with highsensitivity and selectivity. It is successfully applied to the real samples.Third, using enoxacine-terbium (Tb3+) complex as a fluorescent probe, westudied the interaction between the complex and uric acid and its application. A newmethod was established for the determination of uric acid. This method is simple andconvenient with high sensitivity and selectivity. It is successfully applied to the realsamples.Fourth, using norfloxacin-terbium (Tb3+) complex as a fluorescent probe, westudied the interaction between the complex and coenzyme A and its application. Anew method was established for the determination of coenzyme A. This method issimple and convenient with high sensitivity and selectivity.