Effects Of Different ω-3 Pufa Level On Inf-γ, Il-2 Mrna Expression In The Spleen And Liver Of Shaoxing Ducks

PUFA is an important kind of nutrition, which contains in all cellular membrane and has significant function in physiology, and among which,ω-3 PUFA is essential to human just like vitamin and mineral matter, a lack of which would causes severe organ disorders of heart and brain. Cytokines, a kind of soluble micro-molecular proteins produced by cells, could influence cellular behaviors and characteristics, based on their important functions, cytokines have always been hot spots since their discoveries, INF-y and IL-2 in particular, great breakthroughs have been achieved on researches of their gene structures, genetic engineering and in vitro recombinant expressions. The effects ofω-3 PUFA and the addition of different proportions of Vitamin E, Fluazifop and their compound into the feed containing 2% of oleum lini, conducted on 300-day-old commercial Shaoxing Ducks, on the mRNA expression of INF-y, IL-2 of spleens and livers was investigated in this research. Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR on the mRNA expression of INF-y and IL-2 were established and optimized, thus the effects ofω-3 PUFA to the immunity of the Shaoxing Ducks were shown on the molecular level, which lay a foundation for the studies on the optimize addition ofω-3 PUFA, Vitamin E, Fluazifop, and on the effects of the addition of these substance to the immunity of the poultry. The results are shown as follows:Trial I:(1)Addition of 1% of oleum lini into the feed (group2) extremely significantly (P<0.01) raised the expression of mRNA of INF-y in spleen compared with the control,2% of oleum lini (group3) significantly (P<0.05) raised the expression of mRNA of INF-y, while 3% of oleum lini (group4) did not obviously(P>0.05) raise the level of INF-y expression. Results indicated that with the rise of the content of the oleum lini, the expression level of the INF-y decreased in spleens, and there were no significant differences(P>0.05) among the three groups. (2) There was an increase for the INF-y expression in livers follow the rise of the content of oleum lini. And there were significantly differences between group 4 and the control (P<0.01), between group 4 and group 2(P<0.05), but there were no differences between group 4 and group3. There were no differences among group 2,3 and the control(P>0.05).(3)There were no remarkable differences(P>0.05) for the mRNA expression of the IL-2 in spleens of shaoxing duck when were fed respectively diet which were added different levels of oleum lini (1%,2%and 3%) into the diet.(4) Addition for different levels of oleum lini significantly(P<0.05) increased the expression of mRNA of the IL-2 in livers, and the levels of IL-2 expression decreased with the rise of the content of the oleum lini. There were very significant differences (P<0.01) between group 2,4 and the control, no difference(P>0.05) between group 1 and group3,extremely significant differences(P<0.01) between group 3 and group 2,4, no difference (P>0.05) between group2 and group4.TrialⅡ:(1)There were significant increase for the mRNA expression of the INF-y in spleens compared with control (P<0.05) when different levels of Vitamin E, Fluazifop and their compound were added into feeds with 2% of oleum lini as the source ofω-3 PUFA. Especially, there was very significant difference (P<0.01) between group 3 and control, no difference (P>0.05) between group3 and 4, significant difference (P>0.05) between group 3 and 2, and between group 3 and groups added only with 2% of oleum lini (P<0.05). (2)There were extremely significant increase (P<0.01) for the mRNA expression of the INF-y in livers of group 2,3,4 compared with control, but no difference(P>0.05) between group added only with 2% of oleum lini and control. There were significant differences between group 2,4 and group added only with 2% of oleum lini (P<0.05). It has same results between group3 and group added only with 2% of oleum lini, which showed that group 3 had the greatest relative expression level of INF-y in livers.(3)Except for the group 3 (P<0.05), there was no difference (P>0.05) for the mRNA expression of the IL-2 in spleens of groups fed with different feed compared with control. But 2% of oleum lini group and group 3 mRNA expression level of IL-2 rose, though not significantly(P>0.05), the other two groups all displayed downward trends. Especially group 3 showed significant decreases compared with control (P<0.05), group 4 (P<0.01) and group that only added with 2% of oleum lini (P<0.01), and group 2 showed significant decreases compared with group 4 (P<0.01), group that only added with 2% of oleum lini (P<0.05). (4)Except for the group 3 (P<0.01), there was no significantly difference to the mRNA expression of the IL-2 in livers of groups fed with different feed compared with control (P>0.05). Group 3 showed significant difference (P<0.05)compared with group 4, but no difference, though rose, compared with group 2 and group that only added with 2% of oleum lini (P>0.05).The study showed that all groups displayed downward trends of the mRNA expression level to the INF-y in spleens compared with the control as the added content of oleum lini into feeds increased, of which, addition of 1% of oleum lini showed the highest. On the contrary, the mRNA expression levels of INF-y in livers rose as the content of oleum lini added into feeds increased, of which, addition of 3% of oleum lini showed the highest. The expression levels of IL-2 in spleens had no significant difference compared with control, which were significantly rose in livers though showed downward trends. Among the different levels of Vitamin E, Fluazifop and their compound added into feeds with 2% of oleum lini as the source ofω-3 PUFA, addition of Fluazifop showed the most significant effects on the expression levels of INF-y and IL-2 in spleens, of which, the expression of INF-y showed the highest level and IL-2 showed the lowest level. And addition of Fluazifop also showed the most significant effects on the expression levels of INF-y and IL-2 in livers, of which, the expression of both INF-y and IL-2 all raised compared with the control and groups that only added with 2% of oleum lini.