| Land use/Land cover changes (LUCC) is closed related to global ecological environment. Both Land use/cover changes (LUCC) and ecological environment effect have become integral parts of the global environment changes, they related closely each other. Based on the land use changes to evaluate the ecological effect not only had great significance of promoting ecological service value theory but also established area green economy account to provided theory basis for government departments issued environmental protection policy.This paper mainly using GIS and RS grouping technology to deal with the data of TM image, GIMMS NDVI data, SPOT NDVI data, soil data as well as the meteorological data. By using the model of land use change, the model of markov matrix and land use dynamic attitude model to analyze land use chang of space-time. In order to achieve the ecological benefits of research, this paper applied the model of CASA, USLE, storage capacity, light and action equations, the method of opportunity cost, market price, alternative engineering, forestation costs to evaluate the quality and value of NPP, fixing carbon releasing oxygen, soil erosion, water conservation, soil conversion in southern loess plateau. This study's results as follows:(1) 1980-2005 southern loess plateau's cultivated land and construction land variate significantly, cultivated land reduced 1509.05 hm2,77.87% cultivated land were converted into construction land, construction land outflow least. Other kinds of land change were not obvious. All the kinds of Land's dynamic changed dgree are less than 2%, among the 23 cities, the land utilization comprehensive dynamic attitude of jiyuan is the largest one.(2) The elevation and slope of different type space differentiation obviously:most of the cultivated land and construction land distribution between1500m and 1000m, shrub and grass distribute on higher altitude by contrast. Construction land and water tend to distribute on the area where below 5°.Most area's slope of forest and meadow slope between 5°and 25°.(3) The net primary productivity (NPP) of southern loess plateau inter-annual changes and aspect change obviously, if sorting the different type of land, the results as following:forestland> grass> cultivated land>other types.(4) The erosion grade of southern loess plateau is micro degrees, the total quantity and value of soil erosion were declined in 2005 which compared with 1985, the distribution features as follows: the WeiHe plain's erosion modulus value is relatively lower, while YanHe valley, northern Juhe river basin, the Heihe river basin and the actual ZhuoZhangHe basin erosion modulus is bigger. According to the type of land use, sorting the unit area value of erosion modulu, the result just as follows: forestland> grass> cultivated land> unused land> water> construction land.(5) The capacity of water conservation in southern loess plateau was reduced from 2005 to 1980. Sorting different kind of land use's unit area water conservation capicity, the result as following:water>forest land>grassland>cultivated land>other types of land (construction land and unused land).(6)The total ecological service value of Southern loess plateau spatial characteristics as follows: if the area's water and heat are enough, where ecological value usually higher. But in the urban area the ecological service generally very low from 1980 to 2005. Sorting different kind of land use's Unit area ecological service value the result as following:water>forest land>grassland>cultivated land> other types of land (construction land and unused land). The gross value of Ecological services in of ecosystem's order is the forest land's highest, the second highest is cultivated land, then is grassland, water, construction land type etc.There are some innovations in this research just as follows:(1) this paper realized how to applicate RS and GIS integrated technology to measure ecological effect of the southern loess pleateau. (2) This paper realized how to use 4 space scales to study the dynamic estimate which include municipal, county, grid, land types. (3)The research innovative used modified land use change degree model. (4) the process of extract slope used two means by ArcGIS, the one is rapid flow extraction methods, the second one is multiple flow direction method (MFD) to study the quantity of soil maintained. |
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