Temporal And Spatial Change Of Ecological Services On Loess Plateau Of Shaanxi By InVEST Model

Research on the assessment of ecosystem services is a hot and cutting-edge on the subjects such as ecology, geography, etc, and is important to regional ecosystem management, sustainable development and human well-being. InVEST model provides a quantitative, scientific, dynamic assessment methods for regional ecosystem services, and it is a tradeoff model of regional development and ecosystem management. In this paper, taking Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi as the research area, based land use/cover change data on 2000,2005 and 2010 year to assess four critical ecosystem services-water conservation, soil conservation, carbon storage and biodiversity in the research area. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The area of grass, scrub, woodland and towns increased by 3204km2,285.3km2, 122.7km2 and 450.4km2 respectively on 10 years changes of the study area, meanwhile,farmland, deserts and wetlands were reduced3984.5km2,72.7km2 and 5.2km2 respectively.(2) Soil conservation is mainly increased on the study area in 10 years changes. It is significant increase in more than 90t/hm2 of yichuan River, yunyan River, yanhe river, qingjian River, the Yellow River area and part of the region beiluo. Besides, there are 0-60 t/hm2 increase ranging from each other basins.(3) Water conservation is mainly reduced on the study area in 10 years changes. It is reduced in 25-40m3/hm2 at wuding river southwest upstream, yanhe river basin and qingjian river basin,part of the region above is significant reduced beyond 40 m3/hm2. Besides, there are 0-25m3/hm2 reduce ranging from each other basins with increased local area.(4) Carbon storage volume is steadily increasing on the study area in 10 years changes.It is significant increase in more than 15t/hm2at north-central of Yan’an city and eastern regions of Yulin City.Besides, there are 0-15 t/hm2 increase ranging from each other basins with reduced local area.(5) Habitat quality is obviously changes in 10 years on the study area. The habitat quality index is increased in 0-0.2,part of more than 0.2,at north-central of Yan’an city and eastern regions of Yulin City. Habitat quality is significantly deteriorated at kuye river basin, central tuwei river basin, tributary region of Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi. Besides, other regional habitat quality deteriorated slightly.(6) Through the comprehensive evaluation of ecological services at the study area.The results show, area proportion of generally important areas, the more important areas, moderately important area, highly important area and very important were 18.8%,18.9%,21.9%,20%and 20.4%respectively. As an important area in which highly important ecological area and very important area in total accounted for 40.4%, and spatial distribution in ziwuling region of Yan’an, Yanhe basin, yunyan basin, yichuan basin, qingjianhe basin and the Yellow River area with forest cover and vegetation cover better area.Through ecosystem services assessment of study area to provides a better reference to ecosystem protection and functions maintenance,rational development and utilization of land resources, to promote scientific and rational reforestation project, to develop scientific and rational planning decisions for local government and relevant administrative departments. The research just for achieving a sustainable development of population, resources and the environment in the Loess Plateau.