Countryside Land System Innovation And Agricultural Sustainable Development

The sustainable development is the common subject which the 21st century humanity faces. Takes road of the sustainable development is the human survival need, is also the inevitable choice. China is a history glorious large agricultural nation, the agriculture is not only the national economy foundation, is also the sustainable development basic guarantee and the first domain. "The China's Agenda 21" is further clear to the Chinese agriculture sustainable development is: Maintains the agricultural productivity grows stably, enhances food production and the safeguard food security, develops the rural economy, increases the farmers' income, changes the countryside impoverished backwardness condition, the protection and the improvement agriculture ecological environment, reasonable, continues forever to use the natural resource. The agricultural sustainable development is must use and the full protection agricultural resource reasonably, the coordinated agricultural resource supporting capacity and economic development's relations, cause the agricultural resource optimize the disposition in the time and the space, achieves the agricultural resource to continue forever to use, enables the agricultural product to satisfy contemporary and future generation's demand unceasingly. But the countryside land system is the agricultural sustainable development foundation and the core. This institutional arrangements success or not, not only relates the countryside land resource to obtain the reasonable full use, realizes the agriculture and the countryside sustainable development, and has the important meaning regarding the overall society's economic development.This article take the countryside land system as the object of study, take the countryside land's property right relations and the business connection as the master line, take the rural economic development level and farmer's bearing capacity as the basis, by maximum limit raises the farmland effectiveness of operation, to guarantee that the farmland resources the sustainable use is a goal, profits from the system economic theory and the market economic theory, uses research technique which the macroscopic analysis and the microscopic analysis, the canonical parse and the empirical analysis unify, summarized the countryside land system to the rural economy enhancement and the agricultural sustainable development influence rule, has analyzed the difficulty which and the challenge our country countryside land contracting management responsibility system's innovation mechanism, the system achievements and face, and from our country The actual situation embarked, had determined the land system innovation's goal and should follow the principle, based on this constructed conforms to the market economy rule and the agricultural sustainable development gradual rule, the proper attention to both efficiency and the fair gradual farmland property system innovation pattern and the corresponding farmland business model.The full text is divided into five parts:The first part: The elaboration studies our country farmland system to carry on the innovation the time background and the significance, as well as the domestic and foreign scholars have carried on the theory analysis to our country present farmland system existence's question, finally proposes our country farmland system reform concrete plan. This article embarks from our country concrete national condition, carries on the analysis theoretically to their viewpoint, denied has implemented the nationalization of land, the privatizing ownership of the land feasibility in our country, definitely the present countryside land contracting responsibility system to our country rural economy's development's achievements, simultaneously also had pointed out along with market economy unceasingly thorough, agricultural sustainable development goal's statement, the socialism new rural reconstruction's advancement, countryside land contracting responsibility system existence not at the right moment malpractice, proposed that must consummate the countryside land contracting responsibility system's necessity.The second part: Analyzes our country agriculture sustainable development the goal, the countryside land system's connotation, the characteristic and the function, as well as has analyzed to achieve the agricultural sustainable development goal, the countryside land system must have between request and agricultural sustainable development and farmland system's reciprocity.The third part: Requests from the sustainable development concept to embark, the analysis agriculture sustainable development essence is the countryside land resource sustainable use, but the countryside land resource's sustainable use is: First, requests to guarantee the farmland use nature sustainable. Second, requests to guarantee the farmland use economical sustainable. Third, requests to guarantee the farmland use social sustainable. Meanwhile embarked from the farmland characteristic and agricultural production's characteristic, has analyzed the agricultural sustainable development to the countryside land system's request. Finally according to the agricultural sustainable development's request as well as between the countryside land system and the agricultural sustainable development's reciprocity, analyzes our country present countryside land resource the use existence question, as well as existence question reason.The fourth part: From the Marxism system vicissitude theory—productive forces decided that the productive relations, the economic basis decided the overtop structure as well as the Western new system economic system vicissitude theory—institutional innovations follow certain way to embark, the analysis to realize the agricultural sustainable development, proposed our country countryside land system innovation must insist principle and countermeasure, is also must insist that embarks from our country concrete national condition and the productive forces condition, meanwhile requests the consideration system's continuity, avoids major rises and falls which reforms, in brief the farmland institutional innovations request in our country to use the evolution type reform plan at present, do not use the shock treatment. The ultimate analysis our country present countryside land system has innovated one is must continue to insist the household undertaking management system, because it not only adapts our country present national condition, simultaneously it also has the huge energy liberation space; second, develops forward unceasingly along with the productive forces with our country market economy unceasing advancement, it also unceasingly exposes not at the right moment malpractice, therefore to realize the agricultural sustainable development, our country present countryside land system reform's essential countermeasure is in insisted that in the existing system, further consummates the countryside land contracting management system, at the same time proposed the perfect concrete countermeasure.The fifth part: Since first has analyzed the reform and open policy, our country agriculture appeared before the 1980s and the 90s does not pace back and forth the aspect, simultaneously followed the industry to carry on the property system innovation, established modern enterprise system's at the same time, the government emphasizes the countryside household undertaking management land at the same time long-term stability, on the one hand encouraged the countryside land property system the unceasing innovation, the theorists also carried on the thorough discussion to the countryside land property system innovation question, the countryside land stock cooperation system economy have taken one kind typically to cause the system vicissitude, produced in the Chinese countryside quite developed area time inevitability; Simultaneously has analyzed the countryside land stock system economy concrete characteristic as well as it to the agricultural sustainable development huge society effect. Next analyzed has carried out the countryside land stock system economy in our country to be possible in the existing system the decomposition which tied through the land property right, implemented the property rights and the right of use separation, then through in land employment right's real right's foundation, carried out the countryside land stock system economy generally.