Research On The Adaptability In Three Species Of Medicinal Plants In Gesneriaceae After Artificial Cultivation

The plant of Gesneriaceae not only has high ornamental values, also has broad medical value. However, it is precisely and facing extinction because of the human beings over-collected. In order to slow down the speed of the plant species extinction, many countries and international organization are taking active measures to protect Gesneriaceae by creating cultivation conditions.This article takes the wild plants and the plants under controlled habitats in Guangxi Medicinal Botanical Garden of Hemiboea henryi,Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis and Chirita fimbrisepal as examples,study the suitable light condition and growth substrate under cultivation condition,compare with plant functional traits, optical properties, and the content of effective chemical composition. We can reach the following conclusion.(1) These three species of Gesneriaceae plants can reach the optimum growth under the growth substrate situation as shading30%, grift:soil:peat soil=6:2:2. The survival rates of Hemiboea henryi,Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis and Chirita fimbrisepal were75%、50%�'�80%repectively in the situation as shading;30%. The survival rates of Hemiboea henryi,Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis and Chirita fimbrisepal were80%、75%�'�80%repectively in the situation as grift:soil:peat soil=6:2:2.(2) These three species of Gesneriaceae plants have significant difference in the basic function characters of leaves under wild conditions and cultivation conditions. They grew better under cultivation conditions.The leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, leaf dry matter content, leaf area and leaf thickness of thess three species were significantly increased under cultivation condition, especially the leaf dry matter content.The leaf dry matter content of Hemiboea henryi,Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis and Chirita fimbrisepal was increased by42.4%,59.1%and100%respectively.(3) Leaf photosynthetic capacity of these three species of Gesneriaceae plants was increased significantly under cultivation condition.The maximum net photosynthetic rates of Hemiboea henryi,Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis and Chirita fimbrisepal respectively reached7.03、4.39�'�1.71μ mol·m-2·s-1under cultivation condition. They outclass that under wild conditions. The range of light compensation point was8.12-55.16μ mol·m-2·s-1under wild conditions. The range of light compensation point was4.82-5.87μ mol·m-2·s-1under cultivation conditions.It was well below the range under wild conditions and the photosynthetic efficiency was higher. The chlorophyll content under cultivation condition outclassed that under wild conditions,difference between the highest and the lowest can be reached60%.(4) Resisting photo inhibition ability of Hemiboea henryi and Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis goes down under cultivation condition.Non photochemical quenching coefficient of Hemiboea henryi and Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis is respectively0.79and0.65under wild conditions,while it is respectively0.05and0.37under cultivation condition.the contents under wild conditions both higher than those under cultivation condition.Resisting photo inhibition ability of two plants under wild conditions both better than those under cultivation condition.(5) Compared with the wild germplasm,the content of N,P,K leaves of three kinds of Gesneriaceae plants have no obvious difference under cultivation condition,they all can maintain the growth well of whole strain. Total flavonoids content increase slightly,there are no obvious difference between the wild condition and the cultivation condition,but that content between aerial and underground part of three kinds of Gesneriaceae plants have obvious difference.Among them,total flavonoids content difference between aerial and underground part of Hemiboea henryi and Hemiboea cavaleriei var.paucinervis can be reached more than80%,while difference of Chirita fimbrisepal can be reached40%.