Land Surface Temperature Retrieval Of The Hot Abnormity On Remote Sensing

Research area mostly lies in the town of Baode and Fugu in Shanxi province, where there is large mine wealth. Here geological construction of coal simple, layer steady, imbeding fleet, suitable to exploit in the open air. The coal of research area belongs to the best of the world, containing 12% of coal and steady; belonging to low sulfur,low phosphor,low ash,hit-high heat; not or less adhibiting good coal with long flame.Land surface temperature is an objective parameter of thermal infrared remote sensing retrieval. It is very important to obtain land surface temperature for the studies of energy balance between earth and atmosphere and ecology. Land surface temperature comes from two ways, one is the sun's radiance and the other is deep heat source's heating inner the earth. We have gotten large number of fruits in the thermal infrared remote sensing retrieval of land surface temperature. And from the Wien's theorem, the wavelength corresponding to the black biggest radiant exitance would move to the short-wave aspect; basing on the characteristic of black radiant spectrum curve of different temperature that temperature higher, radiant exitance bigger; we find that retrieve thermal abnormal aim, such as forest-fire, coal-fire and so on, is feasible. Moreover short-wave infrared has higher predominance on the spatial resolution. Aim at the ETM Multi-band Satellite Data, through thermal-infrared channel, founding on the separation of temperature and emissivity, use the reference channel emissivity (RCE) algorithm and single-channel algorithms to pick up the heat abnormity and evolve the land surface temperature; and bring up the thought of using near-infrared wave band to retrieve the land surface temperature.Founding on the characteristic of ETM near-infrared figure,s spatial resolution, the text brings up the plan of using ETM near-infrared figure to distill the coal-fire abnormity, and to reverse the land surface temperature in the area, Namely adopt reflectivity ratio to identify the fire point elementarily, circle the background of fire abnormality to separate the reflected and emissive energy by eye, and retrieve surface fire abnormality temperature.Because near-infrared data contain reflection and emission, for normal temperature its emission is very little, indeed ignored. But the emission is very important for thermal abnormality, indeed reflection ignored. So the temperature of coal-fire equals to total energy subtracting reflection energy.The paper brings up that use the average value of abnormal background as the reflection part of the coal-fire abnormal points, then gets the true emission brightness. As unable to separate emission and reflection by general means, basing on the abnormal points, depending on the ETM 7 data, this paper circles the abnormal background by eye-interpretation.Near-infrared data has high spatial resolution of thermal-infrared data compared with thermal-infrared data, From the Wien's theorem, the wavelength corresponding to the black biggest radiant exitance has inverse ratio with absolute temperature, and as the temperature rises, the wavelength corresponding to the black biggest radiant exitance would move to the short-wave aspect. considering the seif-igniting temperature can reach about 600K, the method is feasible.The paper basing planet reflectivity expression, gains reflectivity image of the six bands, combining the spectrum curve of different matters and the scatter statistics, we find ETM 7and ETM 5 have good linearity pertinence. the slope is between 0.9 and 1.1except water; ETM 7and ETM 3 also do, the slope is between 0.6 and 1.3. Here adopt threshold value to grade the last data.The result indicates that the both algorithm can quickly obtain land surface temperature only rely on ETM data. The land surface temperature we obtain is closed to the air temperature data of near surface, so the result is true. Comparatively the precision of single-channel algorithms is higher than RCE. For near-infrared temperature retrieval the results indicate the project is feasible, and the retrievable precision is higher than thermal infrared remote sensing does. Synchronously as ETM data has the spatial resolution of 30 meters, it decreases the inflection of the background temperature, so it takes on all-right utility value.