Analysing Durkheim's Methodology Of Sociology

Durkheim is the greatest who was in the epoch between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century of France. His thought of sociology is very abundant, he had a lot of society questions such as law-losing, society-combiningand labour-allocating, etc.and offered the solutions. His main contribution lies in his sociology methodology, his sociology methodology was set up on the basis of Kong De's positivism methodology, with main sociology method monism of characteristic. This thesis attempt to understand systematicly to his sociology methodology through studying his original work . This thesis analyses its methodology with three parts. First part is mainly to discuss the main concept of his methodology—social fact, which is the starting point and the foundation of his sociology. Durkheim confirmed the social fact as the research object of sociology,though this social fact is different from the thing in the nature, but it totally has a characteristic that a thing in nature has, so, we can adopt the method of natural to study it. Second part concentrates on the sociology methodology principle of Durkheim. In this part, I expound his observation principle, the principle of the differentiation between normal phenomenon and morbid state of phenomenon,and the principle of explanation to social phenomenon, point out how these principles enabled sociology to carry on with scientific methodology research of the social fact, and has stated the validity of this method to the application of this methodology principle in "on suicide". The third part point out Durkheim's success of the methodology and his theory defect, and values his methodology based on the the comparison with such methodology as Webber ,etc., and comment on to its methodology on the basis of contemporary scientific development, main theory defect and their sociology narrow view, method of monism.