A Study Of Interactive Heuristic Teaching Mode Of History In The Middle-School

In face of the drastic international competition in the 21st century, education plays a vital role in 'the realization of the sustained development of nation, society and person, with its two functions of promoting personal development and social development. The sustained social development, to a large extent, relies on the improvement of human quality, the sustained development of human beings themselves. And the improvement of human quality is just the result of education. As a subsystem of education, can history education in the middle-school foster a talent group with strength and sustained development, to meet the need of the international competition in the future? Now it is time for us to rethink over our history education in the middle-school . The traditional teaching mode of history in the middle-school called "instruction- reception" was established on the basis of the teaching model set up by former Russian educationalist Garoff and integrated with traditional education thoughts and practical teaching experience. The theoretical basis of this traditional teaching mode is the epistemology of dialectical materialism and the behavioristic psychology. It holds the view that teaching is an activity in which teacher provides stimulus and intensifies the stimulus by accurate, concrete and vivid language and visual writing on blackboard so that students can form the stimulus-response ties and thus grasp the history knowledge. The long-time adoption of this teaching mode is due to the advantages it has: with this teaching model, students can accept in a unit time more history knowledge in a quick and efficient way; history teachers can fully exert their leading role, and teachers can bring to full play the effect of their oral language and it is easier to reach the teaching goals. However, the traditional "instruction-reception" mode deprivesthe students of their interest in history learning and they cannot fully appreciate the value of human culture. What's more, it neglects the cultivation of students' intelligence and limits mutual benefits to teachers as well as students from teaching. In order to foster the sustained high-quality talents, it is urgent and essential to establish interactive heuristic teaching mode based on the system science and modern educational theory.The so-called interactive heuristic teaching mode is a mode in teaching history of the middle-school, in which teacher takes the leading role and students act the main part. Students act cooperatively with teacher, other students and teaching conditions (course book, means of instruction and other media). Under teacher's illumination, students are led to make inquiry. Students' inquiry urges teachers to give hints so that teaching promotes learning, learning promotes teaching, learning promotes learning, and the whole teaching process lies in sympathetic vibration, interaction and cooperation. Teachers and students interact and enlighten each other at different levels of knowledge, competence, emotion, attitude, values and atmosphere. Interactive heuristic teaching mode is a strategic system of teaching procedures and methods for the maximum teaching effect.The interactive heuristic teaching mode of history in the middle-school is proposed with some underlying teaching ideas and theories. It takes system theory, synergenics and feedback theory as its scientific theories, student-subject theory as its teaching theory. Among the four theories, system theory reflects the interactive relationship among the elements of this mode, synergenics reveals the motion for the development of this mode, and feedback theory plays a vital regulation and control role in the mode, while student-subject theory indicates the inner nature of this mode.The compositional elements of the interactive heuristic teaching mode include: teacher, students, courses, teaching conditions and teaching environment. The teaching mode is formed by organizing the related elements according to a certain structural configuration, is a stable form of teaching structu...