On Equal Opportunity Of Teaching In Classroom:An Ethnographic Exploration

To equalize the educational opportunity is one of the major tasks in education democratization. At present, the inequality of educational opportunity exists not only on macroscopic level such as the opportunity of being admitted into school but also on microscopic level of the inner educational activities such as teaching in classroom. Since the teacher controls the distribution of education resources in his everyday teaching, it becomes very important for the teacher to treat the students without discrimination so as to let the students obtain the education resources equally. This research is focused on everyday teaching in classroom by means of ethnography methods. By choosing two classes (one is stressed, and the other is common) of the W Middle School in Nanjing City as the studying object, the researcher has observed 8 teachers of these two classes with their attitudes and behaviors toward students, and which decided how they distributed the education resources they have controlled. The main findings are as following: (1) The opportunities given to students to answer questions in classroom are inequal; (2) Gender differences bring the students?different interests in participating the seminar; (3) The teaching tasks in different class are different; (4) The responses given to students when they have finished their answering questions are different; (5) The treatments to students when they break the class rules are different; (6) Teachers?emotion to students is different. All above-mentioned are mainly caused by teachers?different expectations on students. So the teacher should form his expectation on students rationally and appropriately, which is one of the efficient ways to reduce the inequality in classroom teaching.