Vicissitudes Of The Soviet Union's Soft Power From The Perspective Of Soviet Policies Toward Eastern Europe(1940～1960s)

Generally speaking,soft power often includes cultural and institutional power.It'sno doubt that these factors are important because of the profoundinfluence.But,foreign policy——a crucial soft power resource is more direct andobvious than any other factors,at the same time,it's also an instrument of transmitcultural values or institutional mode,so, it's not only necessary but also doable toanalyse soft power from the perspective of foreign policy.This thesis willdiscuss thevicissitudes of the Soviet Union'soft power by analyse policies toward EasternEurope(1940~1960),in the end ,will find out reasons for the vicissitudes of the SovietUnion'soft power and significances for the building of China's soft power.The thesisincludes four chapters:The first chapter,discuss foreign policy resources of the soft power from theoreticalview.At first,defines the concept of foreign policy,analyse the motives of policyadjustment and the double-deck cognitive model,then emphasize the importance offoreign policy .At last ,explains some conditions which makes foreign policy becomea positive resource and the way act on soft power.The second chapter,discuss the Soviet Union's policies toward Eastern Europe indifferent periods. During the Stalin period(1944-1953), policies were not stable,international aid policies were popular in the early stage of post-war, since the ColdWar broke out,international aid policies became chauvinism policies.During theKhrushchev period(1953-1964),he adjusted Stalin's policies that made it seemed moreconciliatory in surface. However,the essence of policy didn't change any more.In theearly stage of Brezhnev period(1964-1968),loose policies were only restricted to therange that the Soviet Union can tolerate ,or else,there would be a repressionimmediately.The third chapter,dissertate the reflection of Eastern Europe to the Soviet Union'spolicies.The Soviet ideology,economic achievements and international aid policywere all important resouses of the Soviet Union's soft power before the ColdWar.However,since the hard-line policy came out ,the attitude of Eastern Europechanged: favour became disgust.Together with the doubt on the Soviet model andideology ,all factors led to waves against the Soviet Union,during the processesSoviet's soft power declined.The fourth chapter,sums up reasons for the vicissitudes of the Soviet Union'softpower and significances for the building of China's soft power.Immediate causesare :policies were lack of morality and justice,legitimacy and prestige.The Sovietmodel and the clannish ideology are radical reasons.Besides, peaceful evolution policy from the USA also damaged the Soviet Unions'soft power.After theanalyse,we should learn from the Soviet Union,and take some measures in buildingChina's soft power .On one hand,give an important attention to foreign policy,developGlobal strategic thinking and public diplomacy.On the other hand, strengthen cultureand institution construction.The conclusion is :When ideology and economic achievements of the Soviet Unionhad a great international influence and foreign policies were also attracted EasternEurope,the Soviet Union would got powerful soft power.Otherwise,when thedrawback of the ideology and model exposed ,but the Soviet Union still take hard-linepolicies to made Eastern Europe's acceptation it would became a directly damage tothe Soviet's soft power.During the process of the soft power's vicissitude,foreignpolicy not only can work alone but also act by disseminate cultural and institutionalvalues.It can be seen that foreign policy played a vital role in the soft powerresources.