A Comment On The Scholar-bureaucrat's Custom In Song Dynasty

There was a great change in song dynasty. It was different in economy, politics, ideology and culture between the past. It also aroused great turns in cultural ethos and showed a new spirit. Under such circumstances, intellectuals and scholar-bureaucrats in song dynasty assumed such noble behaviors as to concern themselves the most with affairs of the state. They treasured justices and honesty more than benefits and advocated to become anchorite. Utilitarianism was in popular among some intellectuals and scholar-bureaucrats and made a profound influence to the theory. Moreover, the common practice of Scholar-bureaucrat was so seriously deteriorated that seclusion and fame-and-seeking became order of the day in late-stage North song dynasty and in late-stage South song.