The Early Pathological Changes After Open Blast Injury And Sea Water Immersion To Dog Brains

With the development and utilization of science, explosive injury is to be seen more and more in the daily life. Because of its characteristics such as complexity and severity, explosive injury is the key project to missile craniocerebral injury and traumatic medicine. As a kind of missile craniocerebral injuries, open blast injury is more severe than closed blast injury so that there has been important significance to study the mechanism and changes of the former type. It can provide the basis and directions for sorting injured people into groups,treatment,prognosis and rehabilitation .The sphere of activity has broaden so quickly that the wounded falls into the sea more frequently than before. We can found that there are more and more wounded people with open blast head injury and sea water immersion. As a fact, to observe and study the Pathological changes is helpful for us to illustrate the sequelae at cell level and to better understand the disease. If we can achieve this goal, we can reduce the rate of deformity and low down lethally rate. However, all of the existing models of open blast head injury have their deficiency. Some explosive substance due to lack of energy can not bring about open injury, whereas others can result in death to experimental animals. In order to observe the Pathological changes with open blast head injury and sea water immersion, in the first part of this article, we placed much emphasis on establishing an experimental model of open blast head injury of dog brains . This model should have renewable features and in line with the fact . In the second part , we paid close attention to Pathological changes after blast head injury with seawater immersion of brain and then contrasted these changes to the dogs suffered from open blast head injury . We hoped to find similarities and differences between them in order to improve the quality of the medicine and enhance active protection.ObjectiveIn the first part, we wanted to establish an experimental model of open blast head injury of dog brains and then observe their changes of traumatic condition. This model which made use of small round explosive substance should have renewable features and inline with the fact. In the second part, we observed the pathological changes after blast head injuries with seawater immersion of brain in dogs and then contrasted these changes to the dogs suffered from open blast head injuries.MethodsIn the first part , thirty dogs were divided into three groups randomly(3.0mm , 3.5mm , 4mm)and ten dogs in each group .The explosive substance with energy of 1g TNT was detonate at the interface of brain centre line (1cm left or right)and margo supraorbitalis (1cm above the skin of head). Then recorded vital sign,survival time,limbs movement and Pathological changes. At last, we ascertained 3.5mm for the best distance and we came into the second part of the experiment .Other thirty medical fitness dogs were injuried from spherical explosive(3.5mm above the skin of head ). Then put the apparatus infusionis which was filled with sea water (at speed of 500ml per hour) from the region of Fujian coast into the wound tract. Observed the condition of injury,the incidence rate of cranial cavity hematoma and brain edema. And at the same time compared with the traumatic condition at 3, 5, 8 hour respectively after injury.ResultsAs a result of different traumatic distances ,the incurred injuries were different in the three groups . The group(3mm)were all dead . Respiratory arrest and decreased heart rate were observed after wounding in other two groups .Although four dogs in the group (3.5mm)were dead gradually , others had good condition and met up with criterion . The group (4mm) did not meet the requirement for the experiment design . So 3.5mm was the best place to successfully make the experimental model of open blast head injury of dog brains . In the second part , we found that at the early stage ,the edema in the blast injury group was serious than that with sea water immersion . We could both found skull fracture,epidural hematoma,subdural hematoma,intracerebral hematoma and other wounds .ConclusionIt is a good model that can be used in the experimental study of blast head injury to the dog brain . Sea water immersion can delay and alleviate the denaturation after blast injury .