An Analysis On Health Risk Behaviors And Its Related Factors Among Abused Primary School Students

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors for health risk behaviors among abused primary school students; Another aim of the present study was to investigate the variables mediated or moderated the relationship between being abused and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.The details are as follows:1. After controlling for gender,age, family marital status and family monthly income,this study investigated whether health risk behaviors among abused primary school students differed from that of non-abused ones. The present study also examined risk factors for injury and violence behaviors(including suicide),alcohol and smoking behaviors, unhealthy diet and weight control behaviors among abused primary school students.2. After controlling for gender,age, family marital status and family monthly income,this study investigated whether social anxiety, depression, self-esteem,self-awareness and resilience among abused primary school students differed from that of non-abused ones;This study examined whether self-esteem, self-awareness, social anxiety, depression and resilience mediated or moderated the relationship between being abused and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.Methods1. This is a case-matched controlled study.The abused group were consisted of 169 primary school students positive for the screen questionnaire of child abuse, the non-abused group were consisted of 169 primary school students negative for the screen questionnaire of child abuse. There was no statistical difference between two groups in gender,age, family marital status and family monthly income. Pearsonχ2 was applied to examine whether the health risk behavior constituent ratios of the abused group differed from that of the non-abused group . Spearman rank correlation was applied to examine the relationship between being abused, gender,age, family marital status,family monthly income and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students;Multinomial logistic regression was applied to analyze the related risk factors for health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.2. Student's t test was applied to examine whether social anxiety, depression, self-esteem, self-awareness and resilience of the abused group differed from that of the non-abused group . Spearman rank correlation was applied to examine the relationship between social anxiety, depression, self-esteem, self-awareness and resilience and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students; Regression analysis was applied to examine whether social anxiety, depression, self-esteem, self-awareness and resilience mediated or moderated the relationship between being abused and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.Results1.Most health risk behavior constituent ratios of the abused group differed significantly from those of the non-abused group, except for those of the following items(being treated by a doctor or nurse because of a physical fight, numbers of cigarettes smoked per day, age of smoking a whole cigarette for the first time, doing exercise to lose weight,taking some diet pills without a doctor's advice to lose weight, vomitting or taking laxatives to lose weight).Spearman rank correlation was applied to examine the relationship between being abused, gender,age, family marital status,family monthly income and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.Most health risk behaviors correlated positively with certain types of abuse, except for those of the following items(numbers of cigarettes smoked per day, age of smoking a whole cigarette for the first time, eating less food or taking fewer calories to lose weight);Gender (1, boy; 2, girl) correlated negatively with the following items(being in a physical fight, drinking alcohol, age of smoking a whole cigarette for the first time);Age correlated positively with non-compliance with traffic rules; Family monthly income (1, <1,500 yuan / month; 2, 1,500-3,000 yuan / month; 3, >3,000 yuan / month) correlated negatively with drinking alcohol;Family marital status didn't show significant correlation with any health risk behavior.Multinomial logistic regression was used to detect risk factors for health risk behaviors among abused primary school students. Age as a risk factor for the following items was explored (rarely disobeying traffic rules, most of the time disobeying traffic rules);Physical neglect as a risk factor for the following items was explored (Most of the time being in a physical fight);Gender (1, boy; 2, girl)as a risk factor for the following items was explored (rarely being in a physical fight, most of the time being in a physical fight , rarely drinking alcohol); Physical abuse as a risk factor for the following items was explored(most of the time being treated by a doctor or nurse because of a physical fight, rarely not eating for 24 hours or more to lose weight);Affection neglect as a risk factor for the following items was explored(rarely thinking about killing myself seriously, most of the time thinking about killing myself seriously, rarely trying to kill myself);Sexual abuse as a risk factor for the following items was explored(rarely drinking alcohol, most of the time drinking alcohol, rarely taking some diet pills without a doctor's advice to lose weight, most of the time vomitting or taking laxatives to lose weight);Safety neglect as a risk factor for ever trying a cigarette was explored. 2. Spearman rank correlation was applied to examine the relationship between social anxiety,depression,self-esteem,self-awareness and resilience and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.Self-esteem correlated positively with the following items(disobeying traffic rules ;being bullied; age of smoking a whole cigarette for the first time ); Self-awareness correlated negatively with the following items(being in a physical fight, being treated by a doctor or nurse because of a physical fight, being bullied , thinking about killing myself seriously, making a plan about how to kill myself, ever trying to kill myself, age of smoking a whole cigarette for the first time , not eating for 24 hours or more to lose weight);Social anxiety correlated positively with the following items(thinking about killing myself seriously, making a plan about how to kill myself, ever try to kill myself, doing exercise to lose weight, not eating for 24 hours or more to lose weight); Depression correlated positively with the following items(being bullied, thinking about killing myself seriously, making a plan about how to kill myself, ever trying to kill myself, doing exercise to lose weight, not eating for 24 hours or more to lose weight);Resilience correlated negatively with the following items(being in a physical fight, ever trying to kill myself,drinking alcohol, age of smoking a whole cigarette for the first time , not eating for 24 hours or more to lose weight).Regression analysis was applied to examine whether social anxiety, depression,self-esteem,self-awareness and resilience mediated or moderated the relationship between being abused and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.Self-esteem may moderate the relation between being abused and most of the time being in a physical fight;Self-awareness may mediate fully the relation between being abused and most of the time being in a physical fight; Self-awareness may mediate fully the relation between being abused and rarely being bullied; Self-awareness may mediate the relation between being abused and most of the time thinking about killing myself seriously.Social anxiety may mediate the relation between being abused and rarely thinking about killing myself seriously; Social anxiety may mediate the relation between being abused and most of the time thinking about killing myself seriously; Social anxiety may mediate the relation between being abused and rarely making a plan about how to kill myself; Social anxiety may mediate the relation between being abused and rarely ever trying to kill myself.Depression may mediate fully the relation between being abused and rarely being bullied; Depression may mediate the relation between being abused and rarely thinking about killing myself seriously; Depression may mediate the relation between being abused and most of the time thinking about killing myself seriously; Depression may mediate fully the relation between being abused and rarely making a plan about how to kill myself; Depression may mediate fully the relation between being abused and rarely ever trying to kill myself.Resilience may mediate fully the relation between being abused and most of the time being in a physical fight; Resilience may mediate the relation between being abused and rarely ever trying to kill myself.Conclusion1. Certain types of abuse might be the risk factors for health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.The main results were as follows: among abused primary school students,affection neglect might be the risk factor for suicidal behaviors,sexual abuse might be the risk factor for substance abuse behaviors,physical abuse might have intergenerational transmission.2. social anxiety,depression,Self-esteem,self-awareness and resilience might mediate or(and) moderate the relationship between being abused and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.3. Social anxiety, depression might have important mediating effects on the relationship between being abused and health risk behaviors among abused primary school students.