Expression Of HSP60 And Caspase3 And Their Relations With The Tumor Histologieal Grade In Glioma

BackgroundsGlioma is a frequent malignant tumor of intracalvarium. Account 40%-50% in tumor of intracalvarium,up to now, the treatment is not obviously advancement and its morbility reason is not understanded, at present more and more people consider follow with some protein express. There is different protein express follow with different cell types,cell differentiation and class. To study and resea- rch these protein maker and combine with the cell proliferation examination sho- uld be help for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor and understanding the me- chanism of the carcinogenesis of glioma.Heat shock proteins are kinds of highly conservative proteins which are synth- esized by the irritation of physics chemmistry and psyche reasons in creatures. This is because when the tempreture rises, the genetic transcription of this area is strengthen. So, the carresponding proteins are named Heat shock proteins. HSPs mainly attend some important cellophysiology activity, for example:protein transposition, assemblage,and aliasing, otherwise, after the sythesis of HSPs which are induced by many kind of irritations, the HSPs can stabilize the struct- ure of cell, sustain normal physiological function of cell, and to inhence the ada- ptive capacity of body (for example:thermostabilization; heat-resistant, cold- resistant, anti-infection, anti-toxin).The HSPs can be divided into tiny HSP, HSP10, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP 90, HSP 110, and HSP60, etc, according to the degree of homology and that of molecular weight. The HSP60 and HSP70 are highly conservative in evolution, and very important in HSP family.HSP70 has already been studied vastly. It may express abnormally in tissues of tumor, by combining with the production of oncogene and the anti-oncogene, It may take part in controlling the cellular cycle of the tumor cell. It may also affect the multiplication, the apoptosis, the differentiation, the mulri-drugs resistance, the tumor immunology, and the development of the tumor cells. But, we still kn- ow less now about the HSP60, especially on its role in Glioma.Cysteinyl aspartate specfic protease (Caspase) family is a large set of apoptotic regulated genes for the initiation and execution of mammalian programmed cell death. Apoptosis may be thought of as a signaling cascade, which Caspase-3 is a key protease. In normal status, Caspase-3 as inactivity zymogen exists in some tissues and cells of mammalian, and overexpression in immunocyte, brain,and embry cells. The irregulation of cell apoptosis result in the cell death reducing and uncontrolled proliferate that associated the development and progression of tumor. It is reported that Caspase-3 plays an important role in the cell apoptosis in brain tumor, which treatment by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, show that the tumor development not only related the nervous cells abnormal proliferate, but also related the cells abnormal apoptosis.The present study use immunohistochemistry to investigate the clinical signif- icance of HSP60 and Caspase-3 expression and analysis the relationship between the expression and the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of cells in Gli-oma.Msterials and MethodsPatients and specimensWe consecutively collected tumors from 64 patients (mean age, 34.6; range,4-67 years; male:female,41:23)who had undergone surgery for glioma at the Xiangya second hospital of the PLA from March 2005 to December 2009. The histopathological diagnosis was made according to the WHO classification:10 cases were WHOⅠgrade; 18cases were WHOⅡgrade; 19 cases were WHOⅢgrade; and 17 cases were WHOⅣgrade.ImmunohistochemistryImmunohistochemical staining of HSP60 and Caspase 3 monoclonal antibody was done using the SP Staining System.Evaluationofimmunostaining All of the immunostained sections were reviewed by double blinded studies. For expression of HSP60 and Caspase 3 protein, five areas (X400) were selected at random and scored in cases with multiple areas of high intensity that occurred during evaluation of immunostain-ing.The degree of immunohistochemical stai- ning was recorded that considered the proportion of tumor cells with an unequiv- ocal positive reaction (Area: -,≤5% staining;+positive staining in 6%～25% of tumor cells;++, positive staining in 26% to 50% of tumor cells;+++, positives taining in> 50% of tumor cells).Results1. Immunohistochemistry were done to evaluate HSP60 and Caspase-3 protein expression, which show brown, respectively. The HSP60 Protein expression had a cytoplasmic and nuclear staining pattem, and the Caspase 3 had a cyt- oplasmic staining in tumor cells.2. The HSP60 expressed intensity of tumor cells were increase with the hist- ological grade up in Gliomas, and the percentage of stained tumor cells from histological gradeⅠtoⅣwas 20%,72.2%,89.4% and 100%(P<0.01), respectively.3. The Caspase -3 expressed intensity of tumor cells were decrease with the hi- stological grade up in Gliomas,and the percentage of stained tumor cells from histological grade I to IV was 90%,77.7%,36.8% and 23.5%(p<0.01), respectively. 4. Caspase 3 expression was reverse correlated with HSP60 expression (P<0.01) in GliornasConclusionThe Caspase-3 and HSP60 Protein expression are related to the biological be-havior and differentiation of tumor cell in Glioma.The irnrnunohistochemical ex-amination of Caspase3 and HSP 60 expression in Glioma, which have different histological grade, should be help for evaluated the tumor cell malignant degree and have significant to demonstrate the mech- anism of the carcinogenesis of Gli- oma.