The Study Of Echocardiography,cytokines TNF-α,TGF-β And Heart-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein Of Swimming Athletes Before And After Altitude Training

ObjectiveTo test the echocardiography of swimming athletes who participated in the altitude training. Discuss their changes of heart form, structure and function after three weeks of training.Meanwhile,Select the sensitive indicators of echocardiography, which can reflect the change of cardiac function after altitude training.By testing the immunological indicators at the first and end of the altitude training, to discuss How altitude training effects TNF-αand TGF-βclosely related with the cardiac function,to discuss the relationship between TNF-α,TGF-βand cardiac function . By testing the biological markers of myocardial injury-the heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) at the first and end of the altitude training, to observe the H-FABP changes, to discuss whether H-FABP can accomplish an new diagnosis of myocardial injury indicators, and to explore the variation of changes with cardiac function.MethodsSubjects were 35 national swimming athletes to participate in the altitude training.To test their echocardiography in the first weekly (2009.12.28-29) 7:00-10:00 pm , As a basis of reference values before the altitude training, Measure cardiac morphology and structure indicators by M-mode echocardiography. The indicators are concluded left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVSD),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVDD), left ventricular interval thickness, left entricular posterior thickness. Measure left ventricular systolic function and morphological indexes of right heart by two dimensional mode echocardiography.The indicators are concluded anteroposterior diameter of the left atrium, right ventricular diameter, right atrial diameter and calculate Left ventricular end systolic volume (ESV),Left ventricular end diastolic volume(EDV),Cardiac outpu (CO),Stroke volume(SV), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening(FS).To measure the Left ventricular diastolic function by means of Doppler mode echocardiography : Peak Velocity of Mitral Inflow during Early Diastole(VE), Peak Velocity of Mitral Inflow during Systole of Left Artriums(VA),and calculate VE/VA. To measure the Tei-index by Doppler echocardiography. After three weeks of acclimatization, high intensity, heavy load of exercise training, To measure all the indactors again at the third weekend (2010.1.18-19) 7:00-10:00 pm.The statistical analysis is T-test.Observe their changes of heart form, structure and function. Meanwhile, select the sensitive indicators of echocardiography, which can reflect the change of cardiac function after altitude training.The first weekly (2009.12.28) 7:30AM, get the blood and reserve to test TNF-α,TGF-βand H-FABP. At the third weekend (2010.1.18) 7:30AM after three weeks training, did it again. To test their Concentration levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The statistical analysis also is T-test. To explore their trend of changes and to discuss How altitude training effects TNF-αand TGF-βclosely related with the cardiac function. to discuss the relationship between TNF-α,TGF-βand cardiac function .To observe the H-FABP changes, to discuss whether H-FABP can accomplish an new diagnosis of myocardial injury indicatorsand to explore the variation of changes with cardiac function.ResultsThe indicators Reflecting the shape and structure of the heart, left ventricular systolic function, left ventricular diastolic function did not change significantly(P>0.05). The indicators Reflecting left overall ventricular function and right overall ventricular function have a statistically significant respectively (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), Showing the trend of decrease. TNF-αand TGF-βdid not change significantly before and after altitude training, There were not Statistically significant(P>0.05).H-FABP also show statistically significant (P < 0.01). Suggesting the trend is of decreasing.Conclusion1. Swimming athletes'left ventricle Tei index, right ventricular Tei index showed decreasing trend after altitude training. Suggesting cardiac systolic and diastolic function increase. Compared with conventional echocardiography indicators. Tei index to assess the cardiac function as the sensitive indicators.2. There were significant changes in the functions after altitude training, Altitude training can indeed improve the swimmer cardiac function level.3. There were no significant changes in cytokines TNF-α,TGF-β.Suggesting TNF-αmaybe did not play a negative role in cardiac function and did not weaken the cardiac function. Considering the results of H-FABP ,TGF-βperhaps exerts a positive biological effects, protects the ischemic myocardial cells, confront myocardial injury, maintains normal heart function.4. Cardiac injury markers H-FABP showed the trend of decrease with exercise training after three weeks of training, it maybe can accomplish an new diagnosis of myocardial injury indicators, suggesting the extent of myocardial injury reduce, and swimming athletes positively enhanced cardiac function simultaneously.