Effect Of The Noses Growth Induced By Unilateral Alveolar Cleft Of Dogs

Objective Establish animal models of unilateral alveolar cleft and determine the effect of the cleft on soft tissue and alar cartilage of the noses growth..Methods The experiment was accomplished in the Molecular organism Laboratory of Anhui Medical University and the Surgical Experimental Animal Center of the First Affiliated Hospital from March to October, 2008.In self-control,each one of the 10 model dogs(eight weeks old,2.5~3.5kg.) noses were separated to model group and unoperated control grop in random .All animals are in the intravenous anesthesia. After the limbs and head fixed,the model one were designed the incision between the first lateral incisor and the second lateral incisor,blunt dissect the sticky periosteum,exposure the bone of the first and the second lateral incisor, operated to remove part of the alverolar bone (size:10mm×15mm) to creat a unilateral alveolar cleft ,using bone wax and gelatin sea to stanch bleeding.The stick periosteum of the nose at the end and the palatal mucosal flap are sutured by 3-0 silk,so that the nose and mouth at the end of interlinkde.Incision edge smearing antibiotic ointment.There is no special trestment in control side.All the dogs were fed till the skulls were matured and killed. It's about eighteen weeks old. Some lengths and angles were mensured by spiral CT. Dissected the bilateral alar cartilages of erery noses. Every cartilage were divided into four parts and made serial sections. All the slices were dealed with HE staining and analyszed by Image analysis system. SPSS 15.0 software package was used for pairde t test. Comparing the cartilage development between experimental side and contral side. Results There is no deaths in all the experimental animals.After the animals were killed,general observation showed: the cleft on the model sides were not healed .The developmental capacity of bilateral nasal ala was not equal and the cleft side was growth poor than the unoperated side , nasal ala lateral crus on the model side were displaced to subside and lateral shift,the position of the nasal tip was deviated to the normal side,the columella nasi was deviated to the noraml side.Fixed-point measurement(mm).the vertical distance between the nose upper edge and the En-En point connection:destination grop is 17.7±2.45 ,control grop is 16.92±2.26.(P<0.05).The distance between the alar base point and the En-En point connection: destination grop is 25.56±6.05, control grop is 26.69±5.87.(P<0.05).The distance between nasal columella and external point of alar: destination grop is 8.83±0.8, control grop is 7.4±0.45.(P<0.01).Nasal columella points to the edge of the lateral alar points:destination grop is 8.09±1.63, control grop is 8.12±1.19.(P<0.05). Nostril width of each are 5.26±0.78, 4.08±0.71.(P<0.05). The vertical distance between the point on the nose of the most and the alar base bottom line: destination grop is 5.54±1.23, control grop is 5.86±1.31.(P<0.01). Connection distance between external point of alar and lateral alar margin points: the destination grop is 3.92±0.80, the control grop is 3.62±0.68.(P<0.01).Histological observation:There are great differences in density,area and perimeter of cells on the different places of alar cartilage. The central cell area of alar cartilage lateral foot 1/2(μm×μm): the destination grop is 426.03±60.40, the control grop is 361.01±47.62. Circumference(μm): the destination grop is 52.80±5.97, the control grop is 44.47±4.94. The central cell area of alar cartilage lateral foot 1/4(μm×μm): the destination grop is 454.86±63.13, the control grop is 357.85±47.28. Circumference(μm): the destination grop is 53.55±5.94, the control grop is 45.48±5.41.The difference was statistically signficant. The cell surface density of alar cartilage lateral foot 1/4(μm×μm/个): the destination grop is 71.78±12.20, the control grop is 58.86±10.41.(P<0.05). Conclusion The growth and development of control nose tissue is superior to the experimental side. The alveolar cleft plays an important role in the noses aberration,repaired the alveolar cleft as early as possible can improve the bone support structure,and the nasal soft tissue can be growth on the normal direction.