| Antibiotic is one of the best achievements in medicine.It improves human health level.However at presenty because of the abuse of antibiotics,drug-resistant bacteria increased and drug induced complications occurred frequently especially in children.Respiratory infection is common and it is often treated with many kinds of antibiotics.The antibiotic uses are representative.In order to carry information to reasonable use of antibiotic,the study on antibiotic use in children in the hospital has been developed.An epidemiological survey analysis on antibiotic uses of children with upper respiratory tract infection 1 was conducted so as to identify the reasons of antibiotic irrational uses.Objective To investigate the use of antibiotics in children with upper respiratory tract infections and provide the reference for clinical practice...Methods We investigated the use of antibiotic retrospectively in 167 cases with infectious disease in Pediatric clinic of Anhui Provincial Hospital from December 2005 to December 2006 and look up the illness record relevant to antibiotic use,enter questionnaire and every kind of antibiotics therapy was analyzed.The Chinese pharmacopoeia,new pharmaceutics and clinical experience are regarded as the reference.According to the WHO's suggestion,drug using index are used as the standard to evaluate and analyze the antibiotics usage.Results The use rate of antibiotic in pediatric department was 95.8%(160 cases) of which single kind use was 92.5%(148 cases),couple-combined use 6.9%(11 cases) and triple-combined use 0.6%(1 cases).The use frequency of every kind of antibiotic as followed(from high to low):Cephalosporins(58.5%),Penicillin (36.7%),β-lactamase inhibitors(28.0%),Macrolide(22.0%),Lincomycin(15.0%),other(1.0%).The most freqently used 10 kind of antibiotics was:Cefoperazone sulbactam(27.9%),Penicillin(19.6%),Ceftriaxone(15.8%),Ampicillin(9.7%),Azithromycin(13.0%),Cefuroxime sodium(7.0%),Cefazolin sodium(5.2%),Amoxicillin(3.1%),Erythromycin(2%),Ceftazidime(1.8%).Every kind of antibiotic was administered by intravenous injection,of which 95.0%(152 cases)all the dose was administered Qd and 5.0%(8 cases) Bid.The rate of pathogen testing was 5.0%(8 cases),the virus-positive rate was 7.89%(3 cases) and Mycoplasma 34.2%(13 cases).There existed unreasonable antibiotical using in 15 cased(39.47%) of investigated patients.Comparing the daily cost,the cheapest kind of antibiotic was penicillin(9.1￥).Ampicillin(17.5￥) followed the second,the most expensive Cefuroxime sodium(86.6￥),Cefoperazone-sulbactam(79.5￥) followed.The cost ratio(daily single-used antibiotic cost/total daily used antibiotic cost),the lowest was penicillin(24.3%),the second Ampicillin(37.5%);the highest Cefoperazone -sulbactam(69.1%).It showed that the antibiotic using was basically reasonable in this hospital from the perspective of DDI.Of all children with antibiotic treatment, 6.87%(11cases) had some degree of side-effects and continued therapy after symptomatic treatment,1.25%(2 cases)had transient granulocytopenia and gradually improved after stopping.Conclusions There is the abuse use of antibiotic in this department.The irrational uses of antibiotic can cause drug resistant strains'increasing,disadvantage on treating and is harm to growth and development of children.Methods should be taken.First of all,we should take into high consideration of therapeutic principle for the infection in children.Secondly,antibiotic uses should be according to susceptibility test,or base on the statistic results of pathogenic bacteria in its own area.Thirdly,the united applications of antibiotics should be according to synergeticprincipals.At last,we should choose efficient and cheap antibiotics by any chances. |
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