| Objectives1.To study the status and difference in physique,food structure,nutrition and health status of the urban and rural residents of Hainan Province,and understand the impact of the economic situation on nutrition and health status in our province.2.To master the residents' status and difference in malnutrition,hypertension,obesity in urban and rural areas and different regions of Hainan Province.3.To analyze dietary nutrition and health status,variation tendency and influence factor of the residents of Hainan Province,in order to provide the timely,accurate and reliable information for the Government to formulate and evaluate relative policies and development plan,and to offer policy recommendations for improving the physique and health level of the residents of Hainan Province.MethodsA stratified Multi-stage cluster randomly sampling method was used to sample 6 cities and counties as study fields of nutrition and health status in 18 cities and countries of Hainan Province in 2008.And all members in 1710 families sampled randomly from study fields are research subjects.Face-to-face questionnaire,physical examination,laboratory test and dietary survey were carried out after obtaining the informed consent of all subjects,and about 45%of all 1710 families were surveyed with continuous 3 days 24 hours review method to record the food consumption data of family members,and the weighting method were used to record the consumption of family spices.Every kind of nutrient intake was worked out based on the 2002 Food Composition Form of China.In accordance with the standards of the individual coefficient,converts into the standard man-days for each intake of various nutrients. SAS statistics software was used to analysis the variation trend of nutrient intake,and multiple logistic regression model was used to analysis influencing factors.Results1.The results of effective questionnaires indicate that:this project practically investigates 1710 households,4282 subjects,2.50 people per household,and 2207 of these were male,accounting for 51.5%and 2075 were female,accounting for 48.5%.Among this survey,dietary survey investigates 810 households,1998 people,2.47 people per household,and 1029 male,969 female.Among them,641 people are in the prefecture-level city,account for 32.1%;807 people are in the county-level city,account for 40.4%;550 people are in the county level,account for 27.5%.912 of them are in urban, account for 45.6%;1086 are in rural area,account for 54.4%.1482 people of them were drawn blood and monitor their hemoglobin.2.Physical conditions analysis results of resident in Hainan Province show that,60.1% of them BMI are normal,31.9%are under-weight or emaciated,5.9%are overweight and 2.1%are obese.All the results described above are lower than 2002 national investigation results(overweight rate was 22.8%,obesity rate was 7.1%).3.The intake of animal food for every standard people on average in Hainan is 207 grams every day.The intake of fish and shrimp of residents in Hainan Province is the tallest, account for 39-42%.Both of them are far higher than the intake of whole country on average (about 132.0 grams);The intake of beans and its products for every standard people on average in Hainan is 10.4 grams every day,the intake of milk and its products is 5.8 grams, less than 1/5 of the level of whole country on average.4.The intake of energy for every standard people in Hainan Province is 2426.9kcal,and it is higher than the average national level in China(2250.5 grams).The average intake of protein is 72.4 grams,and it is higher than the average national level(65.9 grams).The average intake of fat is 62.2 grams,and it is lower than the average national level(76.2 grams).5.35.4%of Hainan residents whose intake of energy is or over 100%RNI,for protein is 36.4%,for retinol equivalent is 13.7%,for thiamine is 11.7%,for riboflavin is 5.1%,for vitamin C is 9.4%,for iron is 66.1%,and 3.6%of Hainan residents whose intake of calcium is or over 100%AI.6.Three major nutrient supply composition of energy,that is,carbohydrate,fat and protein,for every standard people in Hainan Province is 64.7%,23.3%and 12.0% respectively.The high-quality protein stemming from animal food and beans in Hainan Province accounts for 42.5%,and it is higher than the average national level(about 32.6%).7.The prevalence rate of anaemia for residents in Hainan Province is 47.2%,and it is higher than the average national level(20.1%).Of this,the prevalence rate of anaemia for peasants(54.6%) is higher than fishermen(39.6%),the prevalence rate of anaemia for fishermen is higher than other population again,and this phenomenon deserves discussion.8.The average prevalence rate of hypertension for resident in Hainan Province is 11.6%, and it is lower than the average national level(19.7%).Of this,the prevalence rate in urban is 13.0%,in rural is 10.5%;among them men account for 11.2%,women account for 12.1%,the Han nationality account for 12.0%,ethnic minorities such as the Li nationality,etc.account for 10.8%.ConclusionHainan Province is in the process of economic transformation,the diet quality of the urban and rural residents has been improved to some extent.Compared with the survey results in 1992,energy,the ratio of energy supplied by cereal,the intake of protein has decreased,but the energy that the fat offers has increased.Fat intake,especially fat from animal food increased.The diet quality of residents have greatly increased;The proportion of energy supplied by carbohydrates,protein and fat is appropriate.However,energy supplying of macro-nutrients is greatly different in urban and rural areas.Intake of essential nutrients is met.However,low intake of some nutrients such as calcium,retinol,ascorbic acid is still the major problem in dietary.The diet quality of rural residents is worse than that of urban residents and need to be improved.Long-term mechanism and legislation should be developed in nutrition work,and the nutrition monitoring system of sustainable development should be set up in order to guarantee the health of residents. |
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