| ObjectiveThis study was aimed to observe the effect of water extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Radix paeoniae Alba on periodontitis in mice.The effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Radix paeoniae Alba on periodontitis in mice was evaluated by comparing the gingival index,histological changes in periodontium and the level of serum antibody IgG and it's subclasses of IgG1 and IgG2a.The role of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Radix paeoniae Alba on immune regulation and anti-inflammatory mechanisms was also analyzed in our study. The results from this study are expected to provide experimental basis on exploring the immune intervention/therapeutic mechanism of Chinese herbs for periodontitis,and finding new drugs for the treatment of periodontitis from the Chinese herbs.MethodsSixty-four SPF 12wk age male Kunming mice were selected and divided into four groups randomly:l)Normal control group(C),no special treatment for the teeth;2)Experimental periodontitis group(P):periodontitis was induced by wrapping 5/0 silk ligature around the first maxillary molar of mice,inoculating with putative periodontopathic bacteria and feeding with 10%glucose;garaged with distilled water from the beginning of 5wk;3)Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group(SG):periodontitis was induced by the same method described above,the mice were garaged with the water extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(0.48g/kg/d) from the beginning of 5wk;4) Radix paeoniae Alba group(RA):periodontitis was induced by the same method described above,the mice were garaged with the water extracts from Radix paeoniae Alba(0.6g/kg/d) from the beginning of 5wk.Four mice were sacrificed at the end of 4,6,8 and 10wk in each group.The gingival index(GI) was measured before the mice were euthanized.The histological changes of periodontium were observed under microscope.The level of the serum IgG,IgG1and IgG2a in mice was measured by ELISA after treatment for 2,4 and 6wk.All the results were analyzed by ANOVA,with the use of SPSS 13.0 software package.Results1 Gingival index.GI in periodontitis group and the two Chinese herbs groups was significantly higher than that of normal control group(p＜0.05);GI in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group and Radix paeoniae Alba group was significantly lower than that of periodontitis group(p＜0.05);GI in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group was significantly lower than that of Radix paeoniae Alba group (p＜0.05).2 Level of serum immunoglobulin1) The level of serum IgG in periodontitis group and the two Chinese herbs groups was significantly higher than that of normal control group(p＜0.01).Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group was significantly higher than that of Radix paeoniae Alba group(p＜0.01)2) The level of serum IgG1 in periodontitis group and the two Chinese herbs groups was significantly lower than that of normal control group(p＜0.05);The level of serum IgG1 in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group and Radix paeoniae Alba group was significantly increased after the mice were gavaged with the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Radix paeoniae Alba(p＜0.05);The level of serum IgG1 in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group was significantly higher than that of Radix paeoniae Alba group(p＜0.05).3) The level of serum IgG2a in periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of normal control group(p＜0.01);The level of serum IgG2a in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group and Radix paeoniae Alba group was significantly decreased after the mice were gavaged with the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Radix paeoniae Alba(p＜0.01);The level of serum IgG2a in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group was significantly lower than that of Radix paeoniae Alba group(p＜0.01).3 Histological changesA serious inflammatory response was observed in the experimental periodontitis group.Lots of inflammatory cells were observed in the periodontal tissue and the structure of periodontal membrane was destroyed with collagen fiber edema and denaturalization in the experimental periodontitis group,many active osteoclasts and osteoclastic resorption were observed on the surface of alveolar bone,and the height of alveolar bone was decreased.At 8 and 10wk,the erosioned and ulcered epithelia were observed,and alveolar bone was seriously destroyed. However,in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi group and Radix paeoniae Alba group,the inflammation in periodontal tissue was decreased at 6 and 8wk,a small number of inflammatory cells were observed in the periodontal tissue,and fibroblasts were increasing with capillary hyperplasia.At 10wk new bone was found in the bone lacuna.Conclusions:1.The experimental periodontitis in mice was successfully induced by wrapping 5/0 silk ligature, inoculating with putative periodontopathic bacteria and feeding with 10%glucose.2.The level of serum IgG and IgG2a in periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of normal control group;however,the level of serum IgG1 in periodontitis group was significantly lower than that of normal control group.3.The water extract of both Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Radix paeoniae Alba showed therapeutic effect on periodontitis in mice by the mechanism of restraining Th1 response and strengthening Th2 response.4.The water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was more effective on periodontitis than that of water extract of Radix paeoniae Alba.
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