Pharmacognostical Study Of Crud Drug Yeyan And Huanggaoben

After studying on documents of Yeyan(Lobelia sequinii Lévl.et Vant.)and Huanggaoben(Sinodielsia yunnanensis Wolff.),it has been found that these two herbs first appeared in the Materia Medica of south Yunnan(滇南本草),compiled by Lan Mao(兰茂)in Ming dynasty.By the investigation in producing area,Yeyan was not been found in herb market,but Huanggaoben could be found in some market of Yunnan.A detail description on plant pattern,crude drug characters and microscopic identification of Yeyan were provided for the first time.Obvious characteristics for its identification were revealed.The crude drug characters are Root thick,with slender fibrous roots,outer surface pale yellow or yellowish-brown,with fine longitudinal striaes,stem straight,cylindrical and slightly flattened,yellowish-green, with longitudinal striaes.Leaves are simple,alternate,blades narrow and lanceolate, margin serrate or doubly serrate.Raceme acrogenous,flowers numerous,lean to one side of axis,corolla purplish-red,violet or sky-blue,Ovules hpogynous,sometimes capsules can be seen.And the odor is Pungent when crude drug has been crushed. The characteristics for microscopic identification:laticifers scattered or arranged in bundle are always present in transverse section of root and powder;bend cutin striae can be find on the surface of epidermis cells of the leaves;stomata are anomocytic type;pollens are achromaticity or straw yellow,pellet,three germinal aperture; palisade sclerenchymatous cells of seed coat and palisade Parenchymatous cells of seed coat can be find in powder.Chemical analysis was carried out,the result show that Yeyan contains alkaloids,reducing sugars,glycosides,hydroxybenzene,sterols, triterpene,volatile oil,lipin,protein,amino acids and so on.To provide scientific basis for clinical using,pharmacology study of Yeyan has been performed for the first time.The result indicated that the extracts of 60%ethanol can relieve pain,anti inflammation and has the effect of antibacterial action.The acute toxicity of this herb has been tested too.For the crud drug of Huanggaoben,By studing on plant pattern,crude drug characters and microscopic identification,the features for crude drug identification were revealed:abnormity knur,assume taper and bend,outer surface pale brown or yellowish-brown,with transverse striaes and protuberant lenticel.The characteristics for microscopic identification:phellem is sunken in some area,grease chamberpresent in transverse section of root and powder,phellem stone cell can be seen in powder,reticulate vessels are throng,present in transverse section of root and powder.Chemical analysis was carried out,the result show that Huanggaoben contains lactone,sterols,triterpene,amino acids,polypeptide,glucide,polyhexose, glycosides,reducing sugars,flavone,anthraquinone,hydroxybenzene,lipin and so on.Pharmacology study of Huanggaoben based on clinical using has been performed for the first time.The extract of water has the effect of anti-pain, enterokinesia.The acute toxicity of Huanggaoben has been tested too.