| Meckel's cave, which is the structure contain the trigeminal ganglion, play a crucial role of the ganglion both clinically and basic research. However, such few study existed cannot match its significance. Traditionally, doctors consider trigeminal ganglion as a ganglion, and made up by both peudounipolar neuron and neuroglial cells. Yet, some researchers tend to see it as a plexus. Thus, we study it by using stereomicroscope to give a morphology prove.Methods: By using the method of the anatomical dissection, the Meckel's cave from 12 skull base were measured and observed anatomically both naked eye and under a stereomicroscope, then count the number of fibers. The obtained data were analyzed by the statistics methods.Results: Meckel's cave which located at apex partis petrosae ossis temporalis, is divided into upper cave and lower cave. The figures of depth of Meckel's cave are 11.58±0.37 mm (upper, left), 13.63±1.03 mm (lower, left), 10.37±0.91mm (width, left), 13.50±0.96 mm (upper, right), 13.53±1.01mm (lower, right), 10.91±0.66mm (width, right). Entrance 7.44±0.66 mm (Oval Long track, left), 2.85±0.47mm (Oval short diameter, left), 7.66±1.27mm (Oval Long track, right), 3.50±0.99mm (Oval short diameter, right). The distance between two sides are 27.19±2.41mm (inner) and 38.33±2.92 mm (outer).The fifth nerve is primarily a sensory nerve, but it also has certain motor fibers which are located medial to the sensory fibers and present an ellipse-shape. The three branches converge on the trigeminal ganglion , or the semilunar ganglion, is contained by cerebral dura mater. then it dispersed to different directions thus forming three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V1), the maxillary nerve (V2), and the mandibular nerve (V3). The breadth of root of trigeminal nerve are 7.53±1.01mm (left) and 7.36±0.97mm (right). The thickness of root of trigeminal nerve are 2.88±0.52mm (left) and 2.49±0.31mm (right). The lengths of the trigeminal ganglion are 12.41±0.68mm (left), 12.36±0.58mm (right). The breadth of the trigeminal ganglion are 4.31±0.54mm (left), 4.13±0.53mm (right),The thickness of the trigeminal ganglion are 2.46±0.31mm (left), 2.30±0.24mm (right).Under scope we can figure that the trigeminal nerve which has a broom-shape, is compound by plenty of nerves, which are smooth and in a wide spread of diameters, then combined in a ganglion which is the trigeminal ganglion. The trigeminal ganglion has a thin proximate and a wider distal end. The trigeminal fibers are thinner when they goes distal, and have connections with each other. But there was no obviously intumescences visible under scope. The sensory nerve and motor nerve cannot be distinguished through their different shapes.The sensory nerve has 41 fibers and motor nerve has 7 fibers separately at the root of trigeminal nerve.The trigeminal ganglion which formed by trigeminal nerve has a tight junction with its dural mater. There is no obviously intumescences visible under scope so it is hard to affirm the existence of neurons.Conclusion: There are no visible difference between sensory nerve and motor nerve by anatomical observation. The fibers of ganglion do not form an obvious ganglion. |
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