Study On The Status And Equity Of Community Heath Service Resources In Daqing City

1 Purpose of ResearchIn recent decades, community health service has developed rapidly worldwide. The relevant research both home and abroad indicates that community health service is the best means of reducing waste in regional medical resource, securing low-cost, economical and effective medical care, and that it forms the base for realizing"Health for All", and constitutes the trend of the international health service; it also plays an important role in the reasonable allocation of health resources, raising the efficiency of the utilization of health resources and perfection of the impartiality of health service and restraining the medical cost from rising too fast.This research conducts a survey of all the institutions of 169 in number of community health service located in the city of Daqing, gives an analysis of the status of resources of community health service in Daqing, and an judgement of equity of resource allocation by means of the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient. Knowing about the current situation, the existing problems and the fairness of resource allocation of community health resources in Daqing will provide a new theoretical basis for guiding the future development of the health service and reasonable allocation of community health resources by the municipal government and other relevant departments.2 Research Subjects and MethodsThe survey covers 42 community health service centers and 127 community health service stations, which totals 169 institutions of community health service. The survey focuses on personnel structure, number of serviced people, main sponsor, housing for service, arrangement of offices, fund sources and use, the operation and work of the community health service, etc. In the meantime referring to the 2007 annual of statistics in Daqing, statistical reports by community medical service institutions and other relevant material, an analysis is made about the current situation of the resources of community health service in Daqing, and a judgement about the fairness of disposition of resources of community health service is made by the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient.3 Results and Discussion3.1 Main Sponsors. There are two major sponsors for institutions of community health service in Daqing, of which one is governmental sponsor, and the other is the sponsor of oil field enterprises. During its long development, the city of Daqing has formed a situation that enterprises and local government equally back the community health service. With solid foundation, scientific orientation and efficient organization, the Group of the General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field has made a memorable contribution to community health service in Daqing, which establish the so-called"mode of Daqing's community health service".3.2 Housing for Service and Office Setups. Research Findings indicate that of the 42 community health service centers 31 are qualified in housing, the qualification rate being 74%. Of 127 community health service stations, 87 are qualified, the qualification rate being 69%. There are 33 community health service centers in Daqing as regards office setup, the qualification rate being 79%; the qualified community health service stations number 98, the qualification rate being 77%.3.3 Building of Professional Staff. The total number of health technical staff in the institutions of community health service in Daqing is 2492, of which physicians are 1221, accounting for 49%; nurses are 623, accounting for 25%. Among the 1221 physicians, there are 243 general practitioners, accounting for 19.89%; of the 623 nurses, 156 are general nurses, accounting for 25%. The physician-to-nurse ratio is 1:0.5. Every thousand people have 1.05 community physician and 0.53 nurse. The working staff in community m health service have insufficient schooling, lower professional titles. They are mainly entitled to primary and secondary professional posts, with a high rate of primary posts accounting for 45.8%. The schooling of staff is mainly junior college, accounting for 48.6%, with the lowest proportion of university graduates, accounting for 14.9%. To quicken the building of professional staff of community health service, especially the training and introduction of general physicians, is essential for promoting the service grade and quality of community health care; the training of the working staff in community health service will be strengthened, and in the meantime, the employment, evaluation, and promotion of the medical staff in community will be perfected. Efforts should be made to create more opportunities for the medical staff in community to have one or multiple further studies, and in this way the accomplishments of the medical staff in community will be enhanced.3.4 The Fairness of the Allocation of Community Health Service Institutions. The Gini coefficient of the disposition of community health service according to population is that G=0.3983; the Gini coefficient of the disposition of community health apparatuses according to population is that G=0.3517; the Gini coefficient of community health professionals according to population is that G=0.3552; the Gini coefficient of community medical fund according to population is that G=0.3161. In terms of fairness of disposition according to population, the Gini coefficient of the four community health resources in Daqing, i.e. community health technical personnel, the number of community health institutions, the number of apparatuses of community health service and the fund invested by the government in community health service, ranges between 0.3-0.4, which shows the distribution of health resources according to population is normal, amounting to the comparative ideal, and shows that in order to make an overall plan to allocate main health resources reasonably, to keep balance between supply and demand of health service, and to control the scale and speed of the development of health resources, the measures taken by the health department of Daqing are positive and effective.4 Conclusion4.1 The institutions of community health service in Daqing are sponsored by the government and the oil field enterprises, while the institutions sponsored by oil field enterprises takes up a large portion.4.2 There are abundant human resources of community health service in Daqing, but its quality is low with poor structure. In order to improve the quality of human resource of community health service in Daqing on the whole, on the one hand, the government should make relevant policy to guide medical graduates and talent from other medical departments to enter community, on the other hand the training of staff in community health service should be strengthened.4.3 The housing for community health service and office setup in Daqing should be increased.4.4 According to the fair standard of judgment of Gini coefficient, the community health resources allocation according to population in Daqing is impartial in terms of institution setup, equipment furnished, professional staff assignment, fund invested.