The Isolation Of Alkaloids From Macleaya Cordata And Its Antibacterial Activity

Macleaya cordata belong to macleaya genera of papaveraceae, distributed in Shaanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan provinces and so on. It is generally a wild plant in china. Macleaya cordata is also a traditional herb and has strong pharmacological activity. when added into medicine,it can cure wound, arthritis, rheumatism arthralgia, legs ulcer and trichomonas vaginalis et al; As a biological pesticide, it can prevent mites, Nezara viridula, Parnara guttatus, Oncomelania hupensis Gredler, maggot and aphid et al. The chemical constituents of macleaya cordata were studied by plant preliminiary test way; the alkaloids of macleaya cordata were studied by the way of alcohols solvent extraction, thin-layer chromatography and column chromatograph et al. And some alkaloids were obtained; the structures of the obtained alkaloids were identificated by physico-chemical property and spectral analysis et al; the bacteriostatic activity in vitro of extraction from macleaya cordata was tested by paper disk method. The results were obtained as follow:1. The chemical composition pretesting of macleaya cordataAfter testing the chemical composition of macleaya cordata by system pretesting method, the results showed that there were alkaloids, amine acid, coumarin, carbohydrate, saponin, volatile oil and sterides; there were not organic acid, phenols, tannin, flavone and anthraquinone.2. The extraction of con-extract of macleaya cordata, stage extraction and TLC analysisThe con-extract of macleaya cordata was extacted by cold ethanol merceration and heat ehanol circumfluence. And the results showed the extract by later mean was more than the first's and the extraction percentage reached 4.05%. After two con-extract was treated respectively with acid and alkali, the solution was extracted with different plar solvents and five parts extract were obtained. And acidity chloroform extract (W1), alkality precipitation extract (M2), alkality chloroform extract (W2), ethyl acetate extract (W3) and n-butyl alcohol extract (W4) were obtained, respectively. The ratio of W1, M2, W2, W3 and W4 five parts were respective 8.02%,7.21%,0.25%,0.20%,3.23%和10.56%,9.53%,0.37%,0.24%, 6.02%. Five extracts were analyzed by TLC. The results showed M2 extract contained most alkaloids at least ten species; W1, W2 and W3 extract contained more alkaloids at least seven species, seven species and six species respectively; W4 extract contained less alkaloids at least three species.3. The study on alkaloids of W1, M2 and W4 three extractsW1 extract was treated via dry-process adding sample by silica gel column chromatographic fractionation. Then it was treated by gradient elution with the eluant of chloroform:methanol (100:1.7～100:30). A,B,C,D,E,F,G和H eight parts were obtained by TLC detecting. After B and C were treated by silica gel column chromatography repeatedly, the mixture contained mainly sanguinarine was obtatined. After D and E were treated by silica gel column chromatography repeatedly, the mixture contained mainly chelerythrine was obtatined. After F was treated by silica gel column chromatography with the eluant of chloroform:methanol(10:1) , 7-carbonyl-9-methyl-2,3-(methylenedioxy)- benzo[c]phenanthridine was separated; M2 extract was treated by silica gel column chromatographic fractionation, then gradient elution with the eluant of chloroform:methanol(400:1.7,300:1.7~300:40). The mixture X1-1 and X2 were respectively treated and berberoline and oxysanguinarine were obtained; W4 extract was treated by silica gel column chromatographic fractionation, then single gradient elution separation with the eluant of acetone:methanol:ammonia solution(8:2:1). And berberoline was obtained. 7-carbonyl-8-methoxy-5-methyl-2,3-(methylenedioxy)-benzo[c]phenanthridine was first separated from macleaya cordata.4. The study on bacteriostatic activity in vitro of each extract of macleaya cordataThe effect of extract of macleaya cordata on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, Salmonella, Pasteurella multocida and Bacillus cereus was studied by paper disk method. The bacteriostatic activity of every section extract by frace detection was tested. During W1～W4 five extracts, the effect of W1 extract was best; the effect of W3 extract was worse and there was no bacteriostatic activity when the density was 100mg/mL; the extracts of A～H all had bacteriostasis activity. Except Salmonella, eight extracts had better bacteriostatic activity to other five bacterial strains; except Salmonella, five extracts of X1～X5 had bacteriostatic activity to other five bacterial strains. And the mixture contained mainly sanguinarine and chelerythrine had best bacteriostatic activity. The bacteriostatic activity of 7-carbonyl-8-methoxy-5-methyl-2,3-(methylenedioxy)-benzo[c]phenanthridine, berberoline and oxysanguinarine were all worse.