Analyse On The Influencing Factors And Trendency Of Birth Defect During 5 Years

Birth defects (BD), which are the major cause of infant mortality and a leading cause of disability, refer to "Any anomaly, functional or structural, that presents in infancy or later in life and is caused by events preceding birth, whether inherited, or acquired (ICBDMS)". As one type of congenital abnormality, the birth defects'invasions have tight relation to hereditary factor and environmental factor. To find out the etiological factor of the birth defects is the chief problem before the intervention of birth defects.OBJECTIVE: If the etiological factor and pathogenic mechanism are clear to us, we can avoid the exposures of the teratogen which can probably cause the birth defects. We can take some effective measures to block up the key point of the disease course so that we can control or prevent the occurrence and development of disease.METHODS: This study uses 5 years (from Jan 1st 2003 to Jul 31st 2007) survey data from Changchun obstetric hospital. The data covered all the neonatorums who was born in the hospital (include fetal death, dead-birth, live birth). We analyze the epidemiologic feature and influential factor of the defective neonatorums these five years and explore the prevention methods of birth defects.RESULTS: The survey includes 20273 neonatorums (10949 men and 9324 women). 162 people were screened out birth defects (102 men and 60 women). The birth defects prevalence rate is 7.99‰(162/20273), Males'prevalence rate is 9.32‰(102/10949) and females'prevalence rate is 6.44‰(60/9324). The ratio of birth defects by turns are deformity of external ear (30.25%, 49 examples), chiloschisis (12.96%, 21examples), congenital cardiopathy(12.35%, 20 examples), hyperdactylia or ankylodactylia (12.35%, 20 examples), cleft palate(9.26%, 15 examples), birthmark(6.17%, 10 examples), etc.In this survey, the number of simple oaf is 139 (85.8%), and complexed oaf is 23 (14.2%). The number of male live-born infant is larger than female, the ratio is 1.17:1. At the same time, the birth defects incidence rate of male is higher than female, the ratio is 1.70:1. The prevalence rate is 22.56‰when puerpera's age over 40; 9.04‰when puerpera's age below 25. And the prevalence rate is 9.04‰when the puerpera comes from suburb; 7.33‰when the puerpera comes from urban.CONCLUSION: According to the survey, the disease incidence of male is higher than female; the birth defects are often happen in advanced age or olig-age puerperas, especially in the puerperas that ages over 40. The disease incidence in countryside is not higher than city. With the increase of the expectant mothers'age, gravidity and parity, the prevalence rate of birth defects has the ascending tendency.