The Effect Of Leptin In Fetal Growth And Adolescence

Part OneThe Relationship Between Umbilical And Maternal Blood Leptin AndIt's Effect in Fetal Growth[Objectives] In search of the relationship between leptin and fetal development, The scholars indicate that umbilical blood leptin is correlated with birth weight, but there are different opinions in the cord artery and venous with the fetal growth. We detect the levels of umbilical venous, arterial and maternal serum leptin in different gestational age, To investigate the correlation of leptin in the cord artery and venous with maternal blood, and the relationship between the leptin in cord artery, venous serum and gestational age, birth weight. To find out the origin of cord leptin and the influence to the fetal growth.[Methods] The leptin in cord and maternal blood were detected by ELISA. The nutrition status of the newborn was evaluated by index of Ponderal. The maternal nutrition status was evaluated by body mass index. The Umbilical arterial, venous blood and maternal blood were collected at delivery separately. The weight and length of the newborn was measured after birth immediately after birth. The placenta was weighed soon after delivery. [Results] The concentration of leptin in the cord artery, venous andmaternal blood among 55 cases was 16.58?.13ng/ml, 12.05?.87ng/ml, 13.24 ?10.58ng/ml separately; The concentration of maternal serum leptin was higher than that of cord artery (p=0.01). The concentration of maternal serum leptin was higher then that of venous serum leptin slightly (p=0.07). Serum leptin levels were no difference between cord artery and venous(p=0.52) . Serum leptin level of maternal serum was not correlated with the one of the cord artery and venous (r=0.06, p=0.69; r=0.07, p=0.63) .But Serum leptin level of the cord artery was well correlated with the one of the cord venous (r=0.96, p<0.001) . Serum leptin levels were no difference between male and female infants. There was significant difference between cord artery and venous in different gestational age groups (p<0.001) . Serum leptin level in LGA group was higher than that of AGA and SGA (p<0.001) . Serum leptin level in AGA was higher than that of SGA (p<0.05) .Maternal serum leptin was no difference in different gestational age groups (P >0.05 ) . Serum leptin levels of cord artery and venous were well correlated with the one of the weight and gestational age of newborn (p<0.001) . Serum leptin levels of cord artery and venous were correlated with the one of placental weight and index of Ponderal (p<0.05) . Maternal serum leptin level was not correlated with birth weight, placental weight and gestational age (P >0.05 ) . Maternal serum leptin was highly correlated with maternal weight and BMI. On the basis of controlling the weight of pregnant mother, serum leptin levelsof cord artery, venous and maternal BMI were analyzed by the method of partial correlation. The result showed that serum leptin levels of cord artery and venous were not correlated with maternal BMI (r=0.06, p>0.05; r=0.10, p>0.05 ) . Maternal serum leptin was not correlated with index of Ponderal (r=-0.18, p>0.05) .[Conclusions] It explains that the leptin from placenta is concerned with the adjustment of fetal growth. Cord leptin can reflect the status of fetal growth. Cord venous leptin indicate the leptin from placenta. Cord artery leptin demonstrates a part of placenta leptin, which acts on the fetus and then induces fetal fat tissue to produce leptin. The pregnant woman, fetus and placenta may independently carry through energy metabolism relatively because of the placenta barrier. The maternal leptin does not adjust fetal weight directly. It only adjusts fat content itself and energy metabolism.