| Water and soil are non-replaceable resources for humanity exist and development,and that the foundation for sustainable development of economy and society,in the Middle Taihang mountain region,drought and soil erosion are serious.The lack of water and the soil-erosion incompatible are focus on water resources.As the vitals of attendance the arid area,water resources is both the foundation of society and it's exist and development.It is an important task of how to exploit and use the water resources effectively.This thesis according to the research of "water resource high-effective utilization and soil and water conservation experimental demonstration",took the Liu jia country in Calcareous Rock Area of Taihang Mountain as experimental area,took the different specification and dimension scale ripple and double-terraced field with slope interval,different vegetation arrangements pattern as research object, high-effective utilization of harvested rainwater as research purpose,at the base of col lect and tidy the production,made the sufficient utilize of the result that can get,by the analysis of soil moisture change principle and the effect of increasing soil moisture and fertilizer,we discuss the redistribution and utilization of slope runoff,and choose the best soil preparation mode and specification by the contrast; by the comparative analysis of soil and water conservation function and soil water storage ability in runoff plot of different vegetation arrangement type,using the method of correlation analysis,regression analysis,cluster analysis to explore the proper vegetation arrangement type in in Middle Taihang mountain.The research expresses that the scale ripple of 1×2×3(feet),4×3(meter) has the much more function of water reserving and soil moisture keeping,and could better improve soil condition,increase soil fertility index,we could also use stone in slope to cover the scale ripple in order to keep soil moisture, which is the rather economic and useful method;after the soil preparation of double-terraced field with slope interval,the soil physical properties has improved greatly,especially the increasing of soil non-capillary porosity,which is highly helpful for soil moisture keeping;the slope interval can reasonably store the runoff in slope,increase the soil moisture of main terrace significantly,they ara all improve the soil moisture in different level.The results showed that it is essential to carry out the pattern of double-terraced field with slope interval.In different vegetation arrangement pattern,the soil and water conservation function of solid collocation of Vitex negundo L.var.heterophylla and Onobrychis pulchella,combination of Pinus tabulaeformis,Vitex negundo L.var.heterophylla and Onobrychis pulchella is better than others,they are not only effectively intercept ground runoff,but also can reduce the soil sediment quantity in order to keep soil and soil moisture.Through the variance analysis and cluster analysis,we come to the conclusion:the difference of soil and water function in six vegetation arrangement pattern is caused by different change ability and level of soil infiltration rate during first 80 minutes and soil chemical properties.Therefore,we should choose those vegetation which could change soil chemical properties and soil infiltration rate to inhibit soil and water loss and use rainwater effectively.In addition,we build reservoir in different vegetation area to store runoff,the reservoir of solid collocation of Vitex negundo L.var.heterophylla and Onobrychis pulchella has a utilization ratio up to 47.29%,much higher than the other vegetation arrangement.
|
PDF Full Text Request