Study On Efficient Utilization Of Water And Fertilization Of Pumpkin In Ridge-furrow System In The Northwest Plateau Of Hebei Province

As the only water supplement for agriculture, high efficiency of rainfall use was veryimportant in northwest plateau of Hebei province, it related to the enhancement ofeconomic benefit of agricultural production. Improving pumpkin value to increasepeasents' income was a momentous task when pumpkin was determined as dominant cropof northwest plateau of Hebei province. The research was conducted in Zhangbeiexperimental station of Hebei Agricultural University in 2006. This paper was based on thesandy chestnut soil, which was accounted for 65% of land in northwest plateau of Hebeiprovince, and small pumpkin was choosed as experimental material. With plastic filmmulching over furrow, spatial distribution and temporal change of soil water that rainfallconversed to were studied. Yield and water response of pumpkin after spatial andtemporal supply of harvested rainwater were researched. And the effects of different stageof supplemental nitrogen application on economic yield and soil water of pumpkin werecompleted. The results showed that:1. Supplied water during bloom and fruit period, when the amount was 15.0mm, althoughwater consumption was higher than the treatment, of non-supplying water (ck), theeconomic yield and water use efficiency (WUE) was at the highest level, compared tock, the economic yield enhanced 2331.3kg·hm⁾-2), accounted for 126.8%; and the WUE,economic value enhanced 16% and 2153.4yuan.hm^-2 respectively than the treatmentnon-supplying water. The output value was 57.4yuan.m^-3.Compared to hole irrigation, economic yield could be enhanced 742.1kg·hm^-2 by dropirrigation with the equal amount, efficiency of supplying water was enhanced.2. Rainfall＜5mm can be utilized by plastic film mulching over furrow. Between plasticfilm mulching over furrow and non-mulching group, Soil water storage can be improvedby plastic film mulching over furrow, 0～50cm soil water storage of furrow and furrow sideenhanced 72.0mm and 37.3mm separately by plastic film mulching over furrow duringmonitoring days, and on the ridge, there was no significant difference between the twotreatments. Meanwhile, it was helpful for soil water infiltration, percolation of soil watercan be possible.Otherwise, the leaves of pumpkin started wilting when there was no film mulching on21th, August. Here, 0～80cm soil water storage was 8.97mm lower than that film mulchingover furrow, and the major differences were present to 0～60cm soil water amount. When the film mulched the pumpkin over furrow, the leaes of pumpkin didn't wilt yet..3. The economic yield and WUE were enhanced significantly after supplemental nitrogenfertilizer dressing in different growth stages. Of which, vine-extension stage was the beststage for supplemental nitrogen fertilizer dressing, the economic yield and WUE wereenhanced 87.3% and 69.3% respectively than that of non-dressing treatment.