Research On Ecological Effect Of Different Vegetation And Different Tillage Methods In Northern Plateau Of Hebei Province China

At present, as the problem of soil wind erosion and cropland desertification becomes very serious in in Northern plateau of Hebei province China, the strong sandy storm occurred, once again arouse people's concern about the issue of controlling sandy storm. People understand that afforestation, planting grasses and developing conservation tillage were the effective measures on reducing wind erosion. How to reducing wind erosion and improve farmers'income at the same time? The role of conservation tillage should be special pay attention.In the paper, research on occurrence mechanism and control technology of wind erosion in agricultural lands was reviewed. Base on the observed soil moisture, crop and meteorological data in Northern plateau of Hebei province, in 2005, the principle of water balance was used to study water depletion of natural forest, grassland and farmland, water use efficiency, yield effects and ecological effects were compared under different land use types.The results were as follows:In girder land, wind erosion sediment of the plough land of naked oats was the most, the grassland's erosion was fewer and the woodland's erosion was the least.The wind erosion of the plough land was 2.21 g/m~2, that of grassland was 0.31 g/m~2, that of woodland was 0.28 g/m~2. The sand transporting quantity of the plough land was the most, the grassland's erosion was the fewer and the woodland's erosion was the least. The sand transporting quantity of the plough land was 13.280 g/m~2, that of grassland was 5.308 g/m~2, that of woodland was 4.949 g/m~2.The water usage of the plough land of naked oats was the most, alfalfa and young trees's were fewer, the grassland's was the least. The water usage of the plough land of naked oats was 304.23 mm, that of alfalfa and young trees were 303.60 mm and 302.49 mm, that of grassland was 288.46 mm.The water surplus of the grassland was the most, alfalfa and young trees's were fewer, the plough land of naked oats's was the least. The water surplus of the grassland was 25.94mm, that of alfalfa and young trees were 11.91mm and 10.80mm, that of plough land of naked oats was 10.17mm.The biomass of the plough land of naked oats was the most that was 3156.7 kg/hm2, alfalfa and young trees's were fewer that were 2135 kg/ hm2and 597.396 kg/ hm2, grassland's was the least that was 431.3 kg/ hm2. The WUE of the plough land of naked oats was the most that was 11.1 kg/hm2 mm, alfalfa and young trees's were fewer that were 7.01 kg/hm -mm and3.94 kg/hm mm, grassland's was the least that was 1.50 kg/hm2 mm.The wind erosion sediment of the plough land of naked oats was 2.21 g/m2, the stubble land of naked oats's was 1.94 g/m2. The sand transporting quantity of the plough land of naked oats was 13.278 g/m2, the stubble land of naked oats's was 12.624g/m2. In 0~200cm, the sand transporting quantity of the plough land of naked oats was mose than that of the stubble land of naked oats.The water usage of no-tillage land was the most that was 332.55mm, the loosening land's was fewer which was 305.97mm, the plough land's was the least that was 304.23mm in different farming way. The water surplus of the plough land was the most which was 10.17mm, the loosening land's was fewer which was 8.43mm, the no-tillage land's was the least that was -18.15mm.In different farming way, the biomass and economic yield of loosning land was most that were 3728.3 kg/ hm2 and 956.1 kg/ hm2, the plough land's was fewer that were 3156.7 kg/ hm2and 913.8 kg/ hm2, the no-tillage land's was the lest that were 2010.8 kg/ hm and 583.8 kg/ hm . The biomass WUE of loosning land's was most that was 12.19 kg/ hm2mm, the plough land's was fewer that was 10.38 kg/ hm2mm, the no-tillage land's was the lest that was 6.04 kg/ hm2mm. The economic WUE of loosning land's was most that was 3.12 kg/ hm2-mm, the plough land's was fewer that was 3.00 kg/ hm2-mm, the no-tillage land's was the lest that was 1.76 kg/ hm2mm. In order to develop yield and WUE , loosning land was thebest farming way in Northern plateau of Hebei province China.