The Application Of The Wetland Ecological Restoration Theory In The Wetland Park

Wetland is a special kind of land resources and ecosystems. The rapid decline of the world's wetland and the increasing deterioration of the wetland ecological environment lead to a series of environmental problems. People come to realize the need for wetland protection.Wetland Park is an effective way and the main mode to restore the wetland ecological environment. It is an important component of the wetland protection system. Its purpose is to nurture the natural assets and expand the capacity of the environment. Wetland Park can play in a variety of wetland ecosystem services and also can meet the needs of socio-economic development of mankind.After the researching of the specific destroyed ecological environment of the Ch-angde Liuyehu Park-based site, this article applies the wetland ecological restoration theory to research the ecological restoration design of the Wetland Parks in Hunan. The major findings are as follows:1. We use the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to make a health diagnosis of the Liuyehu Park-based site. According to the diagnostic results, its damage of the ecosystem is overload and irreversible. The system can not recover very well only rely on the natural course in a short time. It must rely on people to speed up the process of ecological restoration. If necessary we need to use special way to c-ontrol the state of the damage effectively.2. According to the health diagnostic results, we raise a thought of protective building which is "comprehensive arrangement, construction phases and gradually opening up".3. Based on the thought of protective building, we made a block plan of the Liuyehu Park according to the landscape function. The Liuyehu Park will be divided into five major blocks. These five blocks will have their own ecological landscape according to their different level of damage and the goal of ecological restoration.4. We made an ecological restoration design of the landscapes of the Liuyehu Pa- rk such as terrain, revetment, transportation, plants.(1) Design of the terrain: Several ways are raised to construct undulate and variable terrain, such as "dig pond and heap island," "gentle slope into the lake," "trapezoidal platform to hold soil". These ways create the conditions of the formation and protection of the biodiversit.(2) Design of the Lakeshore: We raise several design proposals of natural ecological revetment, such as "natural wetland soil and pebbles in place of artificial masonry revetment", "natural stone & aquatic plants", "structures & aquatic plants", revetment grass and revetment plants. These ways combining the facilities with water, such as wood platform and constructions closing the water, make the Lakeshore to be livelier, more nature and more integration with the landscapes.(3) Design of the traffic: We raise various forms of ecological road such as "water path along the cliff", "forest path" and "ropeway". Based on the integrity of the e-cosystem, we use the road to divide the region of different plant communities with the revetment design closely. We also use the rational design of the road to control the tourist's disruption to the restoration of the wetland ecosystem effectively.(4) Design of the plant: Based on the principles of region, biodiversity and ecological security, with using the natural plant communities as model, paying attention to the community structure of plant landscape, we give priority to develop the ecological function of plant.