Study On The Impacts Of Water Resource Utilization On Water Cycle And Ecosystem In The Yellow River Basin

With the development of society economy, human activities impact hydrological process more and more, such as large-scale water conservancy and electric power construction, soil and water conservation, irrigation and interlatitudinal water transfer project, etc. The activities above not only change the rule of hydrological cycle, substance transportation and energy exchange but also make the underlying surface changed seriously, such as the larger percentage of coverage of vegetation, soil moisture content rises, evaporation and transpiration strengthen and more moisture in the air. The changes accumulating over a long period maybe change the local environment even the whole basin.Based on the character of river ecosystem, studied on the factors of hydrology, started in climate and human activities which impacting hydrological cycle, the paper Choose the average areal rainfall between HeKouzhen and LongMen, LongMen and SanMenxia, SanMenxia and HuaYuankou, and the evaporation and the temperature data from TianShui, TaiYuan, XiAn, YuLin and ZhengZhou weather stations for the analyzing the changes caused by climate. Choose the data of TangNaihai, QingTongxia, HeKouzhen, LongMen, SanMenxia, HuaYuankou and ZhengZhou Gauging stations from the main stream of Yellow River, including discharges, sediment and runoff modulus's landscape orientation and portrait studies. Through the studies from different times and different cross sections, get to know the result of climate.From the point of ecological runoff, discuss ecological runoff about the main stream, Yellow River. Using the month-by-month minimum ecological runoff calculation method and month-by-month frequency calculation method, this paper calculates the minimum runoff and the fitting runoff of TangNaihe, TouDaoguai and HuaYuankou stations, from which can analyses the minimum and fitting runoff process of each station, so as to know the rules taking place, and to know the ecological runoff process of the main stream of Yellow River and the impact of water and sediment regulation test to the lower of Yellow River's and Yellow River estuary's ecosystem.