Experimental Research On Preparation Of High Surface Area Activated Carbon From Jincheng Ultra-pure Anthracite

High surface area activated carbon possesses well-developed pore structure and adsorption properties of superior,which not only can replace ordinary activated carbon more effectively applied to traditional areas, but also widely used as a material double-layer capacitor electrode,catalyst carrier,gas separation and gas storage materials. Take coal as raw materials to prepare high surface area activated carbon,not only can overcome the limitations of raw materials,but also can reduce costs,improve product performance. However,from the current situation of high surface area activated carbon domestic actual production,most of the raw materials are low-grade bituminous coal and low-rank anthracite in Ningxia. Preparation of low grade bituminous coal granular activated carbon,has intensity difference,easy powder and other defects;low-rank anthracite in Ningxia have been placed under the protection of mining. Visible,expanding activated carbon from coal resources,and the expansion of the anthracite resources for the preparation of granular activated carbon industry is a important problem in the future. The Jincheng-Anthracite belong to medium rank, have features of high carbon content,low volatile,high density,high lighted,its rich reserves and production provides a unique condition for the activated carbon industry.In this paper,we regard Jincheng-Anthracite as a raw material,firstly,try to use flotation and chemical demineralization to preparae ultra-pure coal,then regard anthracite as raw material to prepare high surface area activated carbon. Discuss the effect of size of the broken coal,flotation agent (kerosene),foaming agent (octanol) and the stirring intensity on the amount of flotation;the effect of mixed acid concentration,solid-liquid ratio,acid soaking temperature and soaking time to chemical demineralization;ash,the activation method (CO₂,steam and the KOH),activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption properties of activated carbon. By N₂ adsorption in low temperature,X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other modern means of detection,the surface area,pore size and distribution and the structure and morphology of the activated carbon prepared under optimal conditions were characterizedThe results show that: the best conditions of flotation for raw coal is crushing grain size 0.125mm⁰.074mm,collector kerosene dosage of 500g/t,the amount of foaming agent octanol 100g/t,flotation stirring speed 1800r/min,the slurry concentration of 40g/L,coal ash can be reduced to 5.69% from 12%. Under the conditions of chemical demineralization the mixed acid concentration is 3% HCl,10% HF,solid-liquid ratio is 1:5,the soaking time is 8h,soaking temperature is 80℃,the flotation of coal ash can be reduced to 0.8% from 5.69%,the results can reach the ultra-pure requirements. By KOH activation, under the conditions of the KOH/Carbon ratio 5:1,temperature 800℃,activation time 1h,the activated carbon with the best adsorption effect could be prepared, which has a great quantity of microporous,the BET surface area is up to 1800.71m²/g,iodine adsorption is 1648.37mg/g.