Study On Extraction And Characterization From Cyprinoid Scales

The freshwater fish is very rich in China, but large amount of the waste has not been fully utilized, most of that to feeds from initial processing, even some of that driectly wasted, the resources throwed up extreme. In recent years, because of the disease global epidemic, people are have their doubts about securtiy of source from mammal, the collagen is from fisheries is worthy of study. In this paper,the preparation by enzymatic hydrolysis, properties ofscale collagen peptide from cyprinoid were studied. The main results are summarzide an follows.Acid processing and alkali processing were necessary to the peraration of scale collagen peptide. Not only raise the extraction rate of the collagen peptide, but also can improve the purity and quality of collagen peptide. The optimal conditions of acid processing were:0.4mol/L HCL solution, time is 36h,substrate to solution 1:20, decalcification rate is 95.52%. the optimal conditions of alkali processing were:0.2mol/L NaOH solution, time is 12h,substrate to solution 1:15. the scale was basically composed of coarse collagen under these processes, and the scale is white and transparent.This test selected four kinds of proteases to hydrolysis cyprinoid scales coarse collagen, as the standard by degree of hydrolysis to research the effects of collagen poptide extraction rate from proportion of substrste and solution, add content,hydrolysis time and hydrolysis temperature. By orthogonal experiments to select the best enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. The results are:neutral protease:roportion of substrste and solution is 8%, add content is 6%, hydrolysis time is 48h and hydrolysis temperature is 55℃, degree of hydrolysis is 45.53%; Papain: proportion of substrste is 6%, add content is 8%, hydrolysis time is 48h and hydrolysis temperature is 55℃, degree of hydrolysis is 36.49%; trypsin:roportion of substrste and solution is 6%, add content is 5%, hydrolysis time is 36h and hydrolysis temperature is 35℃, degree of hydrolysis is 28.31%; Pepsin:proportion of substrste and solution is 8%, add content is 8%, hydrolysis time is 48h and hydrolysis temperature is 35℃, degree of hydrolysis is 47.03%; From the point of view degree of hydrolysis, the result is:Pepsin>neutral protease>Papain>trypsin. For further confirmed the accuracy of the test, accurate weigh 1g cyprinoid scales coarse collagen to hydrolysis, resulte is the same as that.To determined and separated the molecular weight in Sephadex. chromatography, as collagen peptide is mixture, to calculated the molecular weight with the time of chromatography peaks, According to the time of the five main peaks to separated. The result is 9546Da,8814.6 Da,7733.4 Da,5793.6 Da,3684.2 Da。On the basis of the molecular weight to determine the hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, Antioxidant capacity and remove the ability of DPPH·.The result is collagenbe provided with these abilities; molecular weight is more little and the activity is more stronge.Exploratory experiments:to hydrolysis cyprinoid scales coarse collagen in 4℃with pepsin, to compare with above Test of pepsin hydrolysis peptide, the result is whether molecular weight or activity are not much different.