Study On Ecological Carrying Capability In Kunming

The deterioration of ecological environment and exhaustion of resourse, which threatening both people's lives and the sustainable development of economy, has become a global issue of global concern. Basis of the scientists put forward a series of environmental stress models, William R proposed the ecological footprint theory. Taken as basic of ecological carrying capability, ecological footprint method can quantify the pressure and influence degree the human activities on the ecological environment influence, and will be a new idea and derection for regional ecological environment research.This paper measures the extent of natural resource utilization in Kunming City by calculating and analyzing the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Kunming from 1990 to 2007. To a certain extent, the sustainable development of Kunming was studied and Kunming people's pressure on the natural environment was determined.By this, the correlation between the ecological environment and social economic development was tudied, and the conclusions are as follows:(1) The per capita equilibrium area of Kunming 2007 is 2.7051 gha/cap. Sort by size, the ecological footprint demand volume is fossil energy land,pasture land,arable land,construction land,water sea,forest land.(2) The per capita ecological carrying capability of Kunming 2007 is 0.4523 gha/cap. Sort by size, the ecological footprint demand volume is arable land,forest land construction land,water sea,pasture land,fossil energy land.(3) In biological resource account, one of the biggest ecological footprint is the per capita meat ecological footprint of Kunming from 1990 to 2007. The demand for forest products decrease significantly, with no obvious change of demand for food, and in the rest of the trend has been increasing. In energy resource account, the coal consumption is the largest, and most of the growth rate for liquefied petroleum (LPG),13600% reached. The consumption footprint of heat and gasoline all present degressive tendency, other energy resources consumption footprints on the raising demand, and are still raising trend.(4) The per capita ecological footprint of Kunming from 1990 to 2007, raising trend from 0.9897gha/cap to 2.7051gha/cap, and the ecological footprint of 2007 about 2.7 times in 1990.(5) The per capita ecological carrying capability of Kunming by 0.4590 gha/cap 1990 raising to 0.5557gha/cap 2000, began to decline after that, to 0.4523 gha/cap in 2007. The ecological carrying capability of land for construction shows raising trend, the other several types of bearing capacity of land ecosystem takes up then downward trend.(6) The Kunming footprint of arable land and forest land present ecological surplus and pasture land and water sea presented ecological deficit from 1990 to 2007, until 2005, the footprint of construction land changed into ecological surplus by ecological deficit.(7) The GDP of per ten thousand yuan ecological footprint of Kunming has declined from 1990 to 2007, and the ecological footprint of diversity index decreased from 1.53 to 0.95, and the ecological footprint development ability raising from 1.52 to 2.57.(8) The sustainable development type of Kunming belongs to the regional unsustainable development—the globle sustainable development.The main reasons why show ecological deficit of Kunming are rapid increase of population, fierce raising the consumption level of resident and the ues of land resource structure unreasonable. We could improve ecological carrying capability and decrease ecological deficit of Kunming through a series of measures, such as controlling the population scale, the change of people consumption conception, strengthening the people's development and management of land resources, the protection and rational utilization of existing resources, accelerating industrial structure adjustment and improving the development of science and technology level.