Relationships Between Sarcopenia,Depressive Symptoms And Cognitive Function In Older Adults

Objective:1)The purpose of this study was to explore the association of sarcopenia and its components with depressive symptoms and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in elderly adults living in community in China.Cross-sectional data were used to analyze mediating associations between sarcopenia and its components(muscle mass,muscle strength,and physical performance),depressive symptoms,and cognitive function.2)The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and new onset depressive symptoms,cognitive decline as well as the new onset MCI through a one-year cohort study.And the mediating association between sarcopenia,depressive symptoms and follow-up cognitive function,which provides a theoretical basis for the prevention or treatment of depression or MCI.3)Based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),metabolic substances related to the occurrence and development of sarcopenia,depressive symptoms and MCI were screened out to provide a certain mechanism basis for the prevention and treatment of diseases.Methods:1)Our study population included community residents in Tianjin and Shanghai,China,who were ≥60 years old.Sarcopenia,depressive symptoms and cognitive function were assessed.Logistic regression,linear regression models and mediating effects were used to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and its components with depressive symptoms and cognitive function.2)The baseline population was followed up and the related information was collected again.Logistic regression was used to further explore the relationship between sarcopenia with new onset depressive symptoms,cognitive decline and new onset MCI.Mediating effect was used to explore the relationship between sarcopenia with depressive symptoms and cognitive function during follow-up.3)In a case-control study,age,gender,and BMI were matched for sarcopenia,depressive symptoms,and MCI.Collecting peripheral blood plasma metabonomics tests on an empty stomach,with orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),get Variable weights(Variable importance of the projection,VIP),from which a preliminary screening differences metabolites(VIP > 1.0),coupled with univariate analysis of p-value or difference times value(a fold change)further filter out differences metabolites.Results:1)The prevalence of sarcopenia,depressive symptoms,and MCI was 10.6%,12.2%,and 17.3% in this study.Sarcopenia(grip strength/walking speed)were associated with depressive symptoms.Similarly,sarcopenia(grip strength/walking speed)were associated with MCI.The mediating effect showed that depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between sarcopenia(grip strength/walking speed)and cognitive function.2)In this cohort study,sarcopenia and muscle mass were found to be risk factors for new onset depressive symptoms.Sarcopenia and depressive symptoms were risk factors for cognitive decline.In addition,sarcopenia was only associated with new MCI.Depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between grip strength and follow-up cognitive function.3)There were 7 differential metabolites in the three overlapping groups,of which5 were lipids and lipid-like molecules,suggesting that lipids play an important role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia,depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment.Conclusions:There was a significant association between sarcopenia and depressive symptoms and MCI among Chinese community-dwelling elderly.Our results suggest that sarcopenia may significantly contribute to the development of MCI in the elderly via depressive symptoms.The 7 differential metabolites identified in this study that are associated with sarcopenia,depression and MCI were mainly involved in the sphingolipid metabolism pathway.These substances can be further validated clinically and targeted to explore more reliable specific metabolic markers.