Psychologists' attitudes and knowledge regarding pain

Despite extensive progress in the scientific understanding of pain, and despite efforts to provide clinicians information about pain management, the under-treatment and mismanagement of pain persists. Research has documented, among healthcare professionals, a lack of knowledge as well as attitudes that interfere with optimal care for pain. Psychologists are increasingly sought for expertise in the area of pain management, but psychologists' attitudes and knowledge concerning pain had not been studied. The aim of this study was to expand existing knowledge by investigating the degree to which practicing psychologists across a variety of settings are adequately prepared to recognize and appropriately respond to pain management issues they may encounter.; Two instruments were designed with input from four pain management professionals who are also psychologists, a pilot study was completed, instruments were revised, and then utilized in the main study. A sample of 4,000 licensed doctoral-level psychologists who were members of the American Psychological Association were mailed study materials along with a letter requesting participation in the study. Response rate was 21% (N = 834).; Consistent with prior research with other healthcare professionals, many psychologists in this study did not have adequate/appropriate knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management. However, the distribution of the knowledge and attitude as well as decision making scores showed that some psychologists (e.g., psychologists practicing in the areas of psycho-oncology, rehabilitation psychology, palliative/hospice care, with more experience in medical settings, with training in pain, working in an accredited facility, and/or a setting containing a pain service) have more appropriate attitudes and are more knowledgeable regarding pain than others. Despite some psychologists' development of expertise in pain management, findings suggest that incorrect knowledge and inappropriate attitudes of some psychologists could contribute to patients' inability to attain adequate pain management. Psychologists can assume a pivotal role in pain management, but may not be prepared to assume this critical role because their knowledge and attitudes can interfere with their ability to practice effectively in the achievement of effective pain relief. With a more fully developed knowledge base and improved attitudes should come improved psychological services for pain patients.