Research On Farmland Circulation In Western Jilin Province

With the development of urbanization and the loosening of the household registration system,the benefits of the urban-rural income gap have prompted more and more farmers to participate in non-agricultural employment.The transfer of rural labor force has changed the traditional relationship between people and land in rural areas,and the farmer household's concurrent-business behavior has led to a decline in the efficiency of agricultural land use,and the phenomenon of desertification has occurred frequently.The household contract responsibility system divides the fragmented small-scale farming production mode brought by land and cannot adapt to the increasingly fierce agricultural international competition.Since 1984,China's land policy has been gradually liberalized,from the prohibition of agricultural land flows to permitting rural land circulation,and from exploration to experimentation to encouraging the support of farmland circulation.At the same time,the state introduced the farmland transfer policy,through the reform of rural land property rights,improved the land transfer management rights transfer market,encouraged the cultivation of new agricultural management entities to strengthen the land transfer intermediary services and other measures to promote the transfer of agricultural land.It has become a broad consensus of the political and academic circles to promote the moderate scale operation of agriculture through agricultural land transfer and realize the transformation of agricultural production methods from traditional,fragmented,inefficient,backward to modern,intensive,efficient and advanced.In recent years,the scale and speed of China's agricultural land circulation has increased rapidly.As of 2016,the country's household contracted agricultural land circulation area was 31.93 million hectares,and the circulation area accounted for 35.1% of the household contracted farmland area.In some areas with high economic development levels,such as Shanghai,Jiangsu,Beijing,and Zhejiang,the turnover rate of agricultural land is as high as 74.80%,60.20%,60%,and 53.80%.In contrast,the transfer of agricultural land in Jilin Province,a traditional grain district with underdeveloped economy,has been slow.According to the statistical bulletin of local agricultural management,in 2016,the agricultural land transfer area of Jilin Province was 1368 thousand hectares,accounting for 24.10% of the cultivated area of crops,which was 11 percentage points lower than the national level,andshowed the features of small scale of circulation,short circulation time,and irregular circulation,etc.The western region of Jilin Province is an important grain producing area in Jilin Province,and it is also a region with weak natural ecology in Jilin Province.The economic development is relatively backward,the proportion of agricultural population is high,and the income of farmers is generally low.The region not only carries the important mission of ecological environmental protection and national food security,but also shoulders the important tasks of reform and opening up the main grain producing areas and reform of the agricultural supply side structure.It faces the multiple use of scarce agricultural land and the increase of agricultural production and the increase of farmers' income.Pressure is necessary to promote the transfer of agricultural land.In this context,this paper conducted a rural household survey in western Jilin Province and obtained 631 sample data.Through the actual survey of agricultural production and agricultural land transfer in the western part of Jilin Province,it is found that the agricultural production in the western part of Jilin Province is relatively high,the agricultural planting structure is relatively simple,and corn accounts for a large proportion.The proportion of farmers participating in non-agricultural employment is small,and the rural areas still contain a large number of surplus population.The agricultural land transfer rate in the western part of Jilin Province is lower than that of Jilin Province and the national average.The supply of farmland circulation is greater than demand,the limited increase of grain income and the insufficient demand for farmland circulation make the transfer of farmland difficult.The form of farmland circulation is mainly rented,and the cycle is short.The two sides of farmland transfer transactions mainly come from mature farmers in the same village.There are many verbal agreements on farmland circulation,and there are few formal contracts,and the farmland circulation is at a low development level.Aiming at the reality of the lag of agricultural land circulation in the western region of Jilin Province,this paper uses logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors of farmland circulation in western Jilin Province.The study found that the characteristics of the main body of agricultural land transfer(age,education level,health status),psychological characteristics(revenue expectation,policy cognition),family endowment characteristics(income structure)and circulation environment characteristics(flow risk,transaction cost,economic level)have a significant impact on agricultural land circulation.At the same time,this paper uses DEA model and multiple regression model to empirically analyze the economic performance of agricultural land transfer.The results confirm that the transfer of agricultural land can significantly improve the overall efficiency and scale efficiency of agricultural production,and the transfer of farmland has a significant impact on the income level of farmers in the western part of Jilin Province.At present,the western part of Jilin Province has a large rural population,a strong land concept,and an underdeveloped local economy.The transfer of agricultural land will be a long-lasting process.To this end,based on the field investigation and empirical analysis,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the transfer of agricultural land in the western part of Jilin Province: pay full attention to the role of education,improve the peasant's cultural level;carry out labor skills training,strengthen the employer's employability;explore the transfer subsidy mechanism,encourage farmers to transfer land;increase policy propaganda,improve farmers' policy awareness;establish a social security system,weaken peasant land Dependence;accelerate the work of confirming farmland rights,reduce the risk of farmland circulation;improve the intermediary services of circulation,reduce the transaction cost of circulation;promote regional economic developmentand guide farmers' non-agricultural employment.