Research On The Entry And Exit Standard Of Rural Poverty In Hubei Province Based On The Measurement Of Poverty Line

The"13th five-year"plan suggests that:"the poor people escape poverty in rural areas is the most arduous task of building a moderately prosperous society."The essence of socialism requires that building a moderately prosperous society needs to eliminate the absolute poverty,improving the existing living environment and realizing the shared prosperity.In order to ensure that the rural absolute poverty population in our country can completely escape from poverty in 2020,it is still a serious task to tackle the problem of poverty alleviation.Through researching on documents at home and abroad,in this dissertation,it is found that in the past,absolute poverty was the main method of poverty measurement in China.There is no local use of relative poverty governance,so the governance efficiency is therefore low.There is a detailed description of research into poverty,but there is too little research on how to exit poverty reasonably and effectively.The study of poverty line only emphasizes on one point in time,but did not involve adjustment on mechanism.In the research method of poverty line,the core is minimum living standard of poor population,and the occurrence of relative poverty is less considered.However,as far as the actual situation of our country is concerned,the corresponding calculation method of poverty line has not been discussed according to areas,and then the regional and internal gap of income has challenged the calculation method and adjustment mechanism of poverty line.Thus,making the calculation of rural poverty line becomes a complicated theoretical problem and an urgent practical problem.This dissertation takes the rural poverty line of our country as the research object,putting forward the existing problems of current rural poverty line measurement method and the exit poverty standard,and then taking the aim of revising poverty line measurement method in the central region of our country as research perspective of poverty entry,with the empirical data of rural survey Hubei province.Finally,in order to perfect the implementation of poverty exit,putting forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.It mainly includes the following contents:The first part consists of the first chapter,the second chapter and the third chapter.Elaborating the research background,study significance,summary of researches at home and abroad,putting forward the research contents and methods,making sure the innovation and shortcoming of the paper;and then explaining the causes of poverty,the basic types of poverty,the identification method of poverty,the characteristics and core elements of poverty linefrom the definition of concept and theoretical basis.Secondly,analyzing the research process of poverty dynamic theory through poverty measurement theory and study on the classical measurement method of relative poverty,which shows that the poverty standard of our country is basically absolute poverty,income poverty is still prominent,and then according to education,health,living standard and other dimensions we can construct the multidimensional poverty index in our country.The identification of poverty in our country needs to identify the poverty-stricken areas precisely and establish a multi-dimensional goal,which is different from the identification of poor population.It should include not only income index,but also life health,education levels,life quality and living environment and other indexes.By using multi-dimensional poverty index,aiming at the poor population from multiple dimensions,and combining the relevant theory of poverty exit so as to better apply to the study of poverty entry and exit in China.Poverty is not only an economic category but also a social one.Therefore,the adjustment of poverty exit should not only meet the needs of the poor for their survival needs,but also maintain their standard of living with dignity.The choice of poverty line should be combined with the concept of absolute poor poverty line and relative poor poverty line.It is necessary to ensure that the poverty line will increase with the increase of price and income,and that the growth speed of poverty line would exceed the financial support.Based on the analysis of evolution of poverty line measurement in rural areas in China,it is concluded that most rural poverty in China has changed from absolute poverty to coexistence stage of absolute poverty and relative poverty,which is caused by the widening of income gap.Only depending on poverty alleviation through developmentcannot resolve the rural poverty problems completely,social assistance is still one of the most important means.As the level of economic development in our country is quite different,so it is generally divided into three parts:the central,eastern,and western regions in the formulation of minimum life guarantee line.Then,through a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of rural poverty line in Hubei,which is the the representative province in central region of China,it is concluded that although Hubei ranked seventh among the provinces with a GDP of more than 3 trillion yuan in 2016,the occurrence of poverty is ranked ninth in the country,and ranking first in the central province,the total number of poor people ranks seventh in the whole country and third in the central province.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the poverty entry and exit in the central provinces of China from Hubei province as the research object.This analyze the exit mechanism of Hubei rural poverty status:current poverty alleviation plan of Hubei countryside,current poverty exit criteria and assessment mechanism of Hubei countryside,and on the basis,it concluded that there are a lot of problems existing in Hubei rural poverty exit mechanism,such as strong political nature,the lack of dynamic management,the lack of effective supervision,unified system framework,no linkage standard of exiting poverty among poor population,poor countrysides and poor counties.The second part is composed of the fourth and fifth chapters,which is the main part of the paper.Through the detailed introduction and comparison of three kinds of methods of classical poverty line measurement:absolute poverty line method,relative poverty line method and subjective poverty line method.This paper analyzes the factors that should be considered in the formulation of rural poverty line in central region of China,and finding out that the measurement method ofpoverty line that is suitable for the central region of China,named is Martin method.Martin method of poverty measurement is to divide the poverty line into high poverty line and low poverty line,but in practice it is relatively complex.On the one hand,when measuring non-food poverty line,the calculation process of pure mathematics is relatively complex,the operation is difficult,and a large amount of data is needed,but the acquisition of data is pretty complicated,so the method is of massive task.to calculate the non-food poverty line.On the other hand,the rationality of difference between the high and low poverty lines is also controversial.So the modified Martin method is introduced in this part.The modified Martin method is based on the Engle's Ratio Method,that is,using the Engle's Ratio Method when calculating the non-food poverty line.The non-food poverty line of Engle's Ratio Method is calculated by using the food poverty line and the Engle coefficient,while the non-food poverty line of Martin method is obtained by the regression model.From the point of view of calculation amount and calculation accuracy,Engel's Ratio Method is much higher than Martin's method.Then,according to the thought of construction and the principle of data selection,the calculation of the rural poverty line in Hubei Province by using the modified Martin method.After getting the revised Martin poverty line model,this paper empirically analyzes the influencing factors of rural poverty entry and exit data in Hubei province.The third part consists of the sixth chapter,which is the conclusion and suggestion part of the paper.On the basis of the evolution trend of rural poverty entry and exit.,then emphasizing the construction of scientific poverty line measurement method and poverty exit standard,and putting forward relevant policy suggestion.This paper holds that at present,the main purpose of the setting of relevant poverty line and poverty exit standard in China is to eliminate absolute poverty,and the poverty problem will turn into relative poverty in the later stage.In the next step,the focus of the work on poverty exit in China needs to be shifted to relative poverty.However,the problem of relative poverty is more difficult to solve through the market mechanism,the government has the responsibility to redistribute income in secondary distribution of wealth,so as to increase support and investment to projects related to rural social development.At present,the poverty exit completed by our country is relatively low,the poverty exit is only under the current poverty line standard,in the future,it needs to be consolidated and improved combining with the national condition.It is suggested that the "relative poverty line "should be set up,which will be a trend to ensure helping the poor population by using a higher poverty standard.