Epidemiological Analysis Of Depression In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Zhengzhou

The First Part Epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome in Zhengzhou in 2011With the acceleration of industrialization and rapid economic development,diabetes and metabolic syndrome have become the two major diseases that threaten human health in the world.Diabetes and its related complications and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by metabolic syndrome have become major problems and challenges facing countries all over the world,and have brought heavy burdens to the development of society.By 2010,the International Diabetes Federation(IDF)had counted 285 million diabetes patients worldwide,developing countries,including China,are becoming hardest hit by diabetes,the number of patients with diabetes in China accounts for 1/3 of the global total,and the huge number of people suffering from the disease is a heavy burden for the country.The pathogenesis of diabetes and metabolic syndrome is complex,and its complications pose a great threat to the quality of life and life of the patients,but so far,no cure has been found,patients need to be treated for life,however whether in developed or developing countries,most patients are not effectively managed,the control of diabetes and metabolic syndrome is not optimistic,especially,the glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc)standard of diabetic patients is less than 1/4 in our country.Therefore,it is urgent to control diabetes and metabolicsyndrome.Objective:the aim of this part is to understand the syndrome epidemiological features and risk factors of type 2 diabetes and metabolism in Zhengzhou city in 2011,and to provide scientific basis for the type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome prevention and control planning of Zhengzhou and the same city.Methods:A cluster sampling method was used to investigate 10144 residents aged 20 and over in XX District of Zhengzhou,from September 2011 to December,subjects whose age were small,materials were incomplete,and diagnose were controversial were removed,9808 cases were investigated.The survey included:(1)questionnaire survey:general status,such as name,gender,age,occupation,education level,monthly income of family,social and economic situation,family history and medical history,behavioral risk factors,physical activities,etc.(2)physical examination items:height,weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),hip circumference,waist hip ratio(WHR),blood pressure,and so on.(3)laboratory examinations:including fasting blood glucose(FBG),2h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG)and glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)etc.After all the results were double entered,the SPSS23.0 statistical software was used to analyze the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people aged 20 and over in Zhengzhou,and the risk factors werestudied.Results:(1)the number of T2DM among 9808 subjects was 1326,the prevalence rate was 13.52%.Among them,823 patients were newly diagnosed with T2DM,accounting for 62.07%of all T2DM patients;the prevalence of impaired glucose regulation(IGR)was 1972,the prevalence rate was 20.11%,the prevalence rate of metabollic syndrome(MS)was 2334,and the prevalence rate was 23.83%.829 of the T2DM patients had MS,accounting for 62.52%of T2DM patients;1025 of the IGR patients had MS,accounting for 51.98%of IGR patients;there was a significant difference in the prevalence of MS among all subjects,T2DM and IGR patients(421.573,P=0.000).(2)The T2DM was used as dependent variables,the gender,age,occupation,education level,income level,smoking,drinking,diet control,exercise,lHDL-C,LDL-C,TC,TG,WHR,WC,BMI,blood pressure,family history of DM were used as the independent variables,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted.In the main effect model,the variables entering the Logistic regression equation were:the gender,age,smoking,low income,exercise,hypertension,BMI,high TG,WHR,high TC,low HDL-C and high LDL-C were independent risk factors for T2DM,a good exercise habit was a protective factor for T2DM.The MS was usedas dependent variables,the gender,age,occupation,education level,income level,smoking,drinking,diet control,exercise,DM family history,hypertension family history,hyperlipidemia and obesity family history were used as the independent variables,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted.In the main effect model,the variables entering the Logistic regression equation were:the gender,age,low income levels,smoking,exercise,family history of hypertension,and family history of diabetes were independent risk factors for MS,and good exercise habits were also protective factors for MS.Discussion:the population aged 20 and above in Zhengzhou city in 2011,type 2 diabetes,imparied fasting glucose(IFG)and the prevalence of impsried glucose tolerance(IGT)is higher,the family history of diabetes,aging,abdominal obesity,hypertension,hyperlipidemia is the major risk factors for its occurrence,urgent need through effective intervention,prevention and management measures of intervention to control the incidence rate,improve treatment and control status of patients.Conclusions:The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus,IFG and IGT,MS are high in people aged 20 and over in Zhengzhou in 2011,the family history of diabetes,aging,abdominal obesity,hypertension and hyperlipidemia are the major risk factors,there is an urgent need to intervene through effective interventions,prevention and management measures to control their morbidity and improve their treatment and controlstatus.The Second Part Epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome Comp licated with Depression in Zhengzhou City in 2011With the the development of researches on chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in recent years,more and more scholars have suggested that diabetes and metabolic syndrome are two kinds of psychosomatic diseases which are closely related to psychological factors,and more and more emphasize the influence of psychological stress on the occurrence and development of diseases.At the same time,with the prevalence of diabetes and metabolic syndrome increasing,the number of people with depression is increasing.Depression and diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome are in a state of mutual influence,mutual promotion and interaction,therefore,understanding the prevalence of T2DM and MS complicated depression is important for preventing and treating DM and MS,controlling the development of the disease and reducing the incidence of depression.Objective:To investigate the prevalence of depression in T2DM and MS patients in Zhengzhou in 2011,and to explore the risk analysis of T2DM and MS with depression factors,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of T2DM and MS in Zhengzhou and the same cities as well as the treatment plan for the patients withdepression.Methods:A cluster sampling method was used to investigate 10144 residents aged 20 and over in XX District of Zhengzhou,from September 2011 to December,subjects whose age were small,materials were incomplete,and diagnose were controversial were removed,9808 cases were investigated.The prevalence of depression in confirmed T2DM and MS patients was investigated.The survey included:(1)questionnaire survey:personal information(name,sex,age,occupation,education level,marriage status,family monthly income,mental strength,physical labor intensity,etc.);medical history(hypertension,DM course,blood glucose control,MS course,blood pressure control,blood lipid control,obesity);complications(DM peripheral neuropathy,DM retinopathy,DM foot,DM nephropathy,etc.);other diseases(coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,etc.),behavioral risk factors(smoking,drinking,eating habits and exercise),treatment and so on.(2)physical examination items,including height,weight,body mass index(BMI)and so on.(3):laboratory tests including blood pressure,fasting blood glucose(FBG),2h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1 c),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)etc.All the results were entered,the SPSS23.0 statistical software was used to investigate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome and depression in people aged 20 and over in Zhengzhou,the risk factors werestudied.Results:(1)the survey included a total of 1326 T2DM patients and 2334 MS patients,the patients of incomplete information cases,dispute diagnosis cases,cases that did not meet the inclusion criteria,unqualified questionnaires and other cases were excluded,975 T2DM patients and 1864 MS patients were investigated finally.There were 410 cases of depression in T2DM patients,the prevalence rate was 42.05%;including 199 case of depressive state(20.41%),accounting for all the patients with depression rate was 48.54%;116 cases of mild depression(11.90%),accounting for all the patients with depression rate was 28.29%;61 cases of moderate depression(6.26%),accounting for all the patients with depression rate was 14.88%;34 cases of severe depression(8.29%),accounting for all the patients with depression accounted for 15.61%.There were 715 cases of depression in MS patients,the prevalence rate was 38.36%;including 370 case of depressive state(19.85%),accounting for all the patients with depression rate was 51.75%;200 cases of mild depression(10.73%),accounting for all the patients with depression rate was 27.97%;103 cases of moderate depression(5.53%),accounting for all the patients with depression rate was 14.41%;42cases of severe depression(2.25%),accounting for all the patients with depression accounted for5.87%.(2)The depression was used as a dependent variable,the gender,education level,income level,physical strength,mental strength,extracurricular activities,duration of diabetes,diabetic complications number,diet control,exercise,insulin therapy,insulin treatment compliance,diabetes education,FBG and HbAlc were used as independent variables,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted.In the main effect model,the variables entering the Logistic regression equation were:the gender,mental strength,insulin therapy,diabetes education,insulin treatment compliance duration of diabetes,the number of diabetic complications,FBG and HbAlc were independent risk factors for T2DM patients with depression.The depression was used as a dependent variable,the gender,age,education level,income level,physical labor intensity,mental labor intensity,spare time activities,BMI,diet control,exercise,FBG,HbAlc,TG,TC,HDL-C and so on were used as independent variables,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted.In the main effect model,the variables entering the Logistic regression equation were:the gender,education level,income level,mental labor intensity,diet control,exercise,BMI,FBG,HbAlc,TG and HDL-C were independent risk factors of MSdepression.Conclusion:there is a higher prevalence of depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in people aged 20 and over in Zhengzhou in 2011,in addition to gender,educational background and economic factors,the tension strength,mental diet and exercise,abdominal obesity,diabetes treatment,control of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin,blood lipid levels are the major risk factors for depression in patients with T2DM and MS,therefore,there is an urgent need to take effective measures to intervene and manage the above aspects,it not only plays an important role in reducing the incidence of depression in patients,but also is important in controlling the incidence of T2DM and MS.