Measurement Study Of Forestry Ecological Security And Analysis Of Its Influencing Factors Based On Ecological Footprint

Nowadays,the problems of environmental and economic sustainable development,such as the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,the dramatic increase of urban population,the increase of resources demand,the increase of social management costs,the increase of environmental protection requirements and the deterioration of the environment,have become increasingly prominent.Maintaining the national ecological security is a hot issue that all countries in the world are concerned about.In recent years,ecological safety assessment has been the focus of domestic and foreign research.The method of ecological footprint is to evaluate the state of resource consumption and supply in the study area from the perspective of land,water resources and energy use,and to judge the state of ecological security in the study area.The method is simple,quantitative and easy Operation,comprehensive and other characteristics of the international affirmation,as one of the main methods to evaluate ecological security.Based on the basic theory of forestry ecological security research,the paper defined the connotation of forestry ecological security and pointed out that forestry ecological security system is a complex ecosystem.The system includes forest natural resources,economic system and social system.The three systems interact and contact with each other,constitute the overall ecosystem of forestry.The five characteristics of forestry ecological security are analyzed: the ecological security of forestry is the basic condition of forestry ecological security;the ecological security of forestry embodies the coordination between natural system and human economic activities and social activities;the security is relative and changeable;forestry ecological security reflects humanism;and human beings play a leading role in forestry ecological security.At present,some achievements have been made in forestry ecological construction.However,there are still some problems such as the construction of forest resources and insufficient investment of forestry funds,the small scale of forest ecological benefits compensation,the insufficient supply of forest products,the lack of scientific structure of forest species,Conflict between development and reduction of area of forest land,destruction of ecological environment by forest product processing enterprises,backwardness of forestry ecological awareness,inadequate forestry construction system,discordance of forestry industry development and ecological environment.According to the principles of construction and related literatures,with the practice of forestry ecology,using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and Delphi method,the weights of various types of land on ecological footprint and the weights of ecological carrying capacity were determined.Weights are added into the calculation of ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity respectively.The ecological footprint analysis model is improved.The ecological deficit(surplus),ecological security index,ecological coordination coefficient and ecological pressure index are taken as indices to evaluate the ecological security of forestry.Indicators were analyzed.Using the improved weighted ecological footprint model to measure the ecological security of forestry in China,the per capita forestry ecological footprint and per capita ecological carrying capacity of 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)in 2008,2011 and 2014 was calculated and analyzed respectively Forestry ecological footprint and per capita ecological carrying capacity.The comparative analysis of provinces across the country in three years shows that there are significant differences in the distribution of ecological footprint among the 31 provinces in China.The ecological footprint per capita in the eastern provinces is relatively high,the low and central coastal areas of Guangdong Province are also high.These areas are generally economically developed.In addition,the heavy industry zone with a larger proportion of the secondary industry also has a high ecological footprint.At the same time,the per capita ecological footprint of different years is comparatively analyzed,with Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin and Guangdong both extremely high and increasing.According to the calculation results of ecological carrying capacity of 31 provinces in China,the ecological carrying capacity of provinces with rich natural resources,small proportion of secondary industry,small population density and low degree of urbanization is high while the population density is high and the degree of urbanization is high The economically developed Beijing,Shanghai and Tianjin have very low ecological carrying capacity,with the lowest in Beijing and the low in industries such as Shanxi and Liaoning.Based on the calculation results of ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of forestry,the assessment index of forestry ecological security in all provinces of China in 2008,2011 and 2014 was calculated,including ecological deficit(or surplus),ecological pressure index,ecological safety index and ecological coordination coefficient.The comparative analysis of the table and the line chart shows that Tibet and Inner Mongolia are in a safe state,Qinghai and Hainan are relatively safe,Xinjiang and Heilongjiang are in a critical state of safety,and other areas are in an insecure state State,the east of Shanghai,Beijing,Tianjin and other indicators are in a very unsafe state,Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang have not been fully and effectively utilized natural resources,excessive utilization of resources is not conducive to the sustainable development of forestry eco-environment.According to the measurement results,the factors that affect the ecological security of forestry are assumed.That is,the ecological security of forestry is affected by the four aspects of nature,economy,society and government.Economic,social and policy factors directly affect the ecological security of forestry.The hypothesis of the design of the questionnaire survey,the collected and processed data reliability and validity of the test questionnaire reliability and validity is good,the results have a certain representation,and then use SPSS19.0 software and The Pearson's method of product-difference correlation analysis proves the correctness of the hypothesis,and the model of influencing factors of forestry ecological security is established.According to the results of correlation analysis,the ecological security of forestry is significantly related to the factors of nature,economy,society and policy.Among them,the correlation coefficient of natural factors and forestry ecological security is the largest,reaching 0.931,and also among economic,social and policy factors.There is relatively strong safety significance,respectively 0.842,0.918,0.896.As natural factors play an important role in the ecological security of forestry,key consideration should be given to the model and implementation countermeasures of forestry ecological security.Based on the analysis of influencing factors,a model of forestry ecological security regulation based on "influencing factors" was constructed,and the natural environment factors could be taken from both the ecological environment system and the ecological resource system maintenance.The economic environment factors could be constructed from the eco-industrial system Make great efforts,social environmental factors can make a fuss about the construction of ecological culture system,policy environmental factors can be strengthened from the ecological security system construction and maintenance,so as to protect the ecological security of forestry.In this study,we analyzed the ecological security of forestry with the improved weighted ecological footprint model and realized the methodological innovation.Applying the ecological footprint method to the study of the national forestry ecological security not only considered the interaction between human and nature,but also considered the relationship between human consumption of resources and the ecological supply capacity of the land and realized the innovation in the research content.The assessment index of the ecological footprint in all provinces of China was analyzed in many aspects,and the safety assessment of each province in three different years index and compared the temporal evolvement of forestry ecological security in different provinces.In the same year,the ecological security status of provinces was also compared transversely,showing the spatial distribution of forestry ecological security in China.According to the ecological security Level standards to determine the level of security in the provinces,so three-dimensional study of China's forestry ecological security issues,and fully find the reasons for the issue of ecological security of forestry,so that from the two dimensions of time and space,vertical and horizontal combination to achieve the study Innovation of perspective,problems and reasons of ecological security in forestry The analysis is more comprehensive and reasonable.