Research On Lightweight IP Addressing Technology For Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things(IoT) is designed to provide a ubiquitous network; the sensed message by IoT concerns every aspect of human life and production. Since any object or device is connected to IoT by using anumbering scheme, how to address each of them before establishing communication links is an issue. Addressing is one of the most important IoT techniques. After the devices and objects are connected to IoT, the addressing technique enables the address of any terminal in IoT to be found accurately, efficiently and safely. Therefore, the research and practice of Io T addressing is essential for the construction of an actual interconnected ubiquitous network.The underlying application of this dissertation is the ubiquitous IoT communication, and the objective is to develop a unified and efficient addressing system. This dissertation studied four types of Io T IP addressing techniques: the IoT resource addressing model, terminal address configuration scheme, networking and routing schemes, and the end-to-end communication technique in the heterogeneous network. Major contributions are as follows:(1) Because of the diverse characteristics of IoT terminals, a unified model for iteratively addressing IoT terminals is proposed.After studying the Internet addressing scheme and defining its addressing characteristics, an iterative numbering and addressing model for IoT is constructed. The Io T terminal nodes are classified as either active or inactive while the IoT the addressing schemes are categorized as either direct or indirect. Using existing, well-established Internet addressing schemes and defining virtual domains, an IPv6–based unified addressing of IoT terminals is achieved.(2) The IoT terminals are numbered via non-unified methods. To address this problem, an IPv6-based strategy for IoT terminals address configuration is proposed.An efficient, reliable and flexible IPv6 address configuration strategy is proposed to achieve unified addressing of IoT terminals. Typical application network structures are combined with terminal communication requirements and IPv6 address structures. Based on existing, well-established IPv6 address configuration, an address configuring scheme for IoT terminals in the corresponding basic network structure is proposed along with a strategy for terminals in the hybrid network structure. The proposed scheme abandons the traditional non-diverse address configuring strategy. Instead, it provides efficient address configuration solutions that are adapted to node communication requirements, the number of nodes and implementations.(3) To address the Context management problem in the head compression, a dynamic Context management scheme is proposed during the IoT IPv6 addressing process.A 6LoWPAN_IPHC-based dynamic Context management scheme is proposed to improve packet compression ratio during the addressing process. It consists of two methods:one for adaptively configuring the address prefix and another for dynamic Context distribution and multi-source synchronization. The address prefix adaptive configuration method eliminates manual configuration and is suited for low-power lossy network. Meanwhile, the gateway node has the ability to compute the most frequently used hosts in the address prefix by using the network traffic. The address prefix of these hosts has the priority of being written into the Context table to ensure the compression ratio of the entire network is always maximized. The method for dynamic Context distribution and multi-source synchronization carefully defines the scheme for updating and synchronizing the Context messages among network nodes and improves 6LoWPAN_IPHC by applying this scheme to the extended LoWPAN domain.(4) To address the end-to-end communication problem between the wireless sensor network(WSN) and the Internet, a virtual network-driven method is used to design and implement the border router.A virtual network-driven method for the design of the 6LoWPAN boundary gateway is used to ensure direct communication between the WSN nodes and the IPv6 hosts. Then, the structure of the end-to-end communication between WSN and the Internet is set up. For the basic functions of the 6LoWPAN boundary gateway, a PC is connected to the 6LoWPAN adapter. The complexity of adjusting the PC kernel is alleviated by encapsulating 6LoWPAN adaptation-layer functions into the virtual network adapter driver of the PC. The IEEE802.15.4 transceiver is used as the 6LoWPAN adapter and equipped with the Contiki operating system. This enables it to receive and transmit IEEE802.15.4 packets, and forward the packets to the network adapter driver for processing. The implementation of this 6LoWPAN boundary gateway demonstrates that the IPv6 numbering-based Io T terminals are interconnected across the heterogeneous networks.By focusing on the four issues above, this dissertation properly investigated the construction of models, key techniques and implementation of the IoT lightweight IP addressing schemes. It has found that in addition to ensuring efficient and reliable acquisition of resources, the IPv6-based IoT terminal addressing scheme can be integrated seamlessly with Internet addressing. Therefore, it is of great importance to the development of IoT for ubiquitous communication.