Research On TCM Protection Thoughts And Methods After Cancer Radiotherapy And Chemotherapy Based On Metaphor Cognition

Of the three death causes leading to the largest number of fatalities in 2016,tumor ranked the second only to cardiovascular disease,according to the statistics of The Lancet.In ancient or modern times,human beings have gained a good deal of experience in the fight against cancer and established different theories.It is well known that radiotherapy,chemotherapy and surgical therapy are the three effective means for modern medicine treatment of cancer.Unfortunately,the toxic and side effects caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy have aroused people’s increasing concern.A good deal of clinical practices have showed that traditional Chinese medicine has remarkable effects in preventing and curing the toxic and side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,as well as in improving the life quality of patients.Nevertheless,compared with the advantages of clinical practice of Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine theories have few thorough and detailed discussions on cancer characteristics as well as its problems such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The existing Chinese medicine theories have been difficult to guide the protection for toxic and side effects of cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and therefore,urgent efforts should be made to update the new progress of modern scientific research and construct TCM-oriented Chinese medicine cancer theory.Under the guidance of this new theory,we aim to breakthrough the limitation of original treatment knowledge and seek for pragmatic and effective guideline and strategy in treating cancer after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.This article firstly reviews the historical development of traditional Chinese medicine and its relations with cancer,and divides it into three periods:from Qin to Han Dynasty,from Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties to Sui anOd Tang dynasties,and from the dynasties of Song,Jin to Yuan.Secondly,the knowledge of western medicine on cancer is re-arranged.The 45th case recorded in Ancient Egypt and Imhotep is selected,as it is considered as the earliest record of breast cancer in the west.Further,cancer in humoralism era and mechanism era is discussed respectively.It is discovered that metaphor phenomenon,pervasive in the cancer theory of Chinese medicine and western medicine,plays a significant role in constructing theoretical system.Based on the method of conceptual metaphor,this research has reinterpreted a series of questions including what cancer is,how cancer develops,what kind of treatment of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer and how can we recover the vitality of organism after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.For that reason,we have analyzed that the metaphor,used by western medicine in building the concept of cancer,possesses the metaphor characteristics of plant.We have compared plant with cancer from the aspects of growth characters and dispersal mode,and found that the growth of tumor has a close relationship with liver and kidney;in modern treatment,surgical excision is similar to shovel,hoe used in plant eradication to dig out the land with grass,and chemical treatment is analogous to the use of herbicide to remove grass.Aiming at the onset of cancer,basing on the water-bloom phenomenon of river,lake,reservoir and pond,adopting the mapping cognitive pattern with water bloom as the source domain and cancer as the target domain,following three kinds of mapping relation including temperature and heat toxin,water flow velocity and Qi and blood circulation,and dormancy and recurrence,we has reinterpreted the onset of cancer,and under this interpretation put forward the important value of qufeng method to treat cancer.In the meantime we have taken two important characteristics of cancer-proliferation and metastasis as an analogy to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,and regarded the pathogenesis of cancer proliferation mainly as the deficiency of liver and kidney,and on the basis of liver and kidney deficiency,the pathogenesis of metastasis occurs to deter spleen,internal thermal of heart fire and lung Qi stasis.The pathogenic characters of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were characterized from the standpoint of metaphor cognition in terms of Chinese medicine nursing,and meanwhile the metaphors of organism characteristic after radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the principle of Chinese medicine adjustment were constructed.The recovery process of organism amounts to the process of national reconstruction.In this process,food,water,clothing,other goods and materials and unobstructed transportation are the principal resources for reconstruction.This is equivalent to the water and grain nutrition and unobstructed Qi and blood of the human body.Subsequently,.various functional departments of a country have been restored in succession,and in this process,attention should be paid to preventing the spy and enemy from making a comeback.Therefore,the defense department should maintain abundant materials and energies at all times.Corresponding to traditional Chinese medicine,it is the premise of guaranteeing enough,water and grain and unobstructed Qi and blood.The five-organ system coordinate mutually,gradually recover respective functions and always ensure the defense forces of Ying Qi and Wei Qi(two stages to defense epidemic febrile disease).We should constantly pay attention to the relationship between principal contradiction and long-term contradiction in the course of reconstruction.Regarding to the Chinese traditional treatment,we should focus on the relationship between clinical manifestation of current organism and the prognosis of long-term disease.Traditional Chinese medicine language is a language based on metaphor cognition,which is embodied in system construction,the explanation of traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis,treating principle and prescription and others.For the method to learn disease with traditional Chinese medicine,the thinking of classification according to manifestation,is the metaphor cognition of Chinese style.To study tumor in the context of metaphor cognition will undoubtedly expand a new way to understand tumor and improve the cognition of traditional Chinese medicine for the attributes and pathogenesis of tumor disease.In this way,new methods and strategies for traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of tumor would be released constantly.Traditional Chinese medicine theory is composed of a cluster of flowing metaphors,and the acquirement of a good clinical effect relies on a good metaphor construction.The plant metaphor of cancer as well as water bloom metaphor and organism status metaphor after radiotherapy and chemotherapy are all attempting to build a good metaphor for cancer.