Yield,Quality,Salt Tolerance Evaluation And Genetic Diversity Analysis In Different Alfalfa

Atotal of 93 different alfalfa germplasms were chosed.Comprehensive analyses were completed in field and laboratory including biological characteristics,yield,quality and genetic diversity in molecular level and proteome differential expression.Evaluated the salt tolerance of 10 wild alfalfa.In order to optimize the way of identification of germplasm resources,evaluation the good or bad of related morphological or physio logical indexes,and finally screened the excellent germplasm material to provide theoretical basis for the breeding of new alfalfa.varieties.The method of correlation analysis,principal component analysis,path analysis,weighted membership function and gray relational analyses were applied and results were obtained as follows:(1)The analysis results of agronomic traits showed that stem diameter and plant height were the most two traits related with yield.The correlation coefficients were 0.39 and 0.30,showed highly significant positive correlation.The gray correlation analysis showed that the gray correlation between tested materials and standard variety was between 0.49 and 0.66,When the genetic distance was 7,cluster analysis divided all the 93 test materials into four classes.The first class including M1-5(stiel),Ml-7(West Blend),M1-54(Zhongmu No.2)and M1-86(Walker Level 3),which had excellent agronomic traits.(2)Atotal of 120 genotypes alfalfa came from different countries were detected by 30 pairs of SSR markers,which distributed in the whole genome.A total of 565 alleles were obtained.Averaged 18.83 alleles per locus,the polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.84 and all the markers polymorphism information content were more than 0.6.A total of 120 genotypes of alfalfa were divided into two populations by Structure analysis.Among them,population I included 96 genotypes,which contained most of China's alfalfa materials and other 9 countries.The 24 genotypes of population ? were from 6 countries,distributed in Asia,Europe,Americas and Oceania.The genetic information of these two populations was complex and could be further divided into two and four subpopulations.In the subpopulations Zhongmu No.2 and Surprise had bigger genetic differences.(3)The identification of salt tolerance in ten Medicago ruthenica materials showed that the seedling dry weight and germination rate were related to the materials salt tolerance in the germenation period.The leaf moisture content and chlorophyll content were closer with salt tolerance in seedling period.M3-8(come from Daqing Shan Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia,Medicago ruthenica)was the most salt-tolerant materials.(4)In the new strain identification test,the highest total yield material was M4-5(New strain NO.1)of 14 materials,which was 55.92 t/hm2.The correlation analysis and path analysis results showed that the first cut had the greatest contribution to total yield.The relative feed value of the new strains 1 and 2 was lower in the 12th and 11th respectively.Surprise and Caoyuan No.3 alfalfa yield and relative feed value are both in the top 5,which were high yield and quality materials.(5)TMT technique was analyzed proteome of difference leaf type alfalfa(suprise).There were 53 different proteins were identified,which more than 1.2 times at 0.05 levels.There were 29 up-regulated and 24 down-regulated in the three leaves alfalfa.The GO noted that 40%of the differential protein acted in biological processes,43%in the molecular function,and other 17%in cell composition.The main functions of protein expression in the multi-leaf alfalfa are cell differentiation,precursor metabolites and energy and photosynthesis.These.physiologicalprocesses are beneficial to plant new tissue and promote leaf growth.In the first 5 of the KEGG pathways of differential proteins,the main pathways involved including carbon metabo lism,splicing,biosynthesis of amino acids,endocytosis,starch and sucrose metabolism.The expression of more protein in multi-leaf alfalfa was mainly involved in the first four path way.To enhance the carbon metabolism of multi-leaf alfalfa,promote RNA maturation and increase the synthesis of amino acids,promote plant accumulation of organic compounds and cell metabolism growth,then increasing production.Finally the Zhongmu No.2,New strain No.1,Surprise,Caoyuan No.3 alfalfa and Medicago ruthenica come from Daqing Shan Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia as the recommended new varieties of breeding raw materials.