| The serious energy and environmental problems the humanity currently face up with call for a birth of new energy with security, clean, infinite properties. Nuclear fusion energy which has increasingly prominent is of great significance to solve these problems. On the current technology, the release of controlled thermonuclear fusion could take a long time and the research and exploration of all possible hard work should be done. The study of abnormal exothermic effect by some triggering on hydrides or deuteride in condensed matter nuclear science(CMNS) is one of all the explorations.The research on abnormal exothermic effect triggered by some physical parameters in H(D) /Pd(Li-Pd) solid gas system(dry method) is a classical state in CMNS. By now, the dry system has gradually replaced the traditional electrolysis system(wet method) and become the main stream in CMNS research methods for its higher in sensitivity, smaller in heat capacity, stronger in ability to detect excess heat; better in safety, no hydrogen(deuterium)-oxygen recombined problem; wider in the experimental temperature range, no limit in electrolyte boiling point; lower in cost, no gas-leaking in the course of the experiment. In this dissertation adopts dry method technology was adopted, with the reference of the latest international gas-solid system which the excess heat had triggered by Rossi experiment. Two sets of experimental gas-solid systems of H/Pd and D/Pd(Li-Pd) were designed and manufactured. The exothermic process were systematically studied through a large number of experimental studies in H/Pd, D/Pd and D/Li-Pd systems after some triggering before and after a certain H or D atoms absorbed by palladium lattice. The triggering impacts include electrical current, temperature and pressure. The criterion of abnormal exothermic effect is a comparison of thermal energy released from chemical reaction. Another estimation of the abnormal is to observe if there is/are new elements production on the metal surface after triggering. The experimental results show that in the H/Pd system, 7.4×104 J excess heat energy were released within 6.25 h when PH2=9×104 Pa and hydrogen loading ratio(x) =0.14, which is corresponding to the average 7.0×105 e V energy to each palladium atom. In D/Pd system, when PD2=9×104 Pa, x =0.04, excess heat power generation is 265.37 W and 795.8 k J excess energy were observed in 83.28 h, corresponding to 1.8×104 e V for each palladium atom. In D/Li-Pd system, we got 108.14 W excess heat power and 742.22 k J excess heat energy in 2.1 h when PD2=9×104 Pa, x =0.30, which corresponding to 1.68×104 e V for each palladium atom. Analysis of SEM and EDS shows that there are some new elements, such as Ag, Na, Ca, Si and Au etc. on the sample surface after triggering reaction which is not found in the original sample. The nuclide analysis generated according to the sample surface elements of the new phenomenon that, in the triggering process, excess heat generated in the system may be due to "nuclear transmutation process ", which took place inside the palladium lattice. For example, the silver element was caused by a deuterium nucleus squeezed into a palladium nucleus. The ICP-MS analysis showed that, Li7/Li6 did not have significant change in the isotopic abundance ratio before and after the triggering reaction on the surface of Li-Pd sample. There was no electromagnetic radiation which is higher than the background in the whole experiment process. Finally, a possibility was preliminarily discussed that whether the abnormal exothermic phenomenon(quasi-nuclear reaction) could be promoted by the condensed matter state environment. And an experimental basis was provided for condensation and characterization of how to construct the trigger deuterium phase structure, and a possible reaction mechanism was also put forward. |
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