Contemporary Chinese Women's Political Participation Under Gender Justice Sight

The most basic question of justice should be the "justice" between man and women. The traditional duality between public and private ignores women’s political status, and women are often excluded from political power relations, which led to feminism challenge traditional political justice, therefore sex political theory, such as "equal rights", institution fairness" and "distribution justice" are gradually produced.Gender equality and inequality in politics change with social development. Modern gender justice not only lies in the realization the equality of the sexes in form and content, but pay more attention to the construction of justice institution and the advanced gender culture. The historical process of Chinese women’s political participation shows the political participation of women has not exhibited orderly in an instant, while changing with the interaction between state and society in wavy fluctuation. After the founding of new China, the government formulated relevant policies and regulations to protect the rights and interests of women, and trained and selected active female cadres by women’s organizations, so the political participation of women has made much more progress, but the progress is still slow comparing with education, economic, health and other fields. On the whole, the proportion of Chinese Women’s political participation is still low, especially few principals key positions, peak defection seriously in high power system, and overall difficulty to propel. The main reason comes from the defection of national gender system, the weak of execution and supervision in the law itself relating on women political participation; whereas the deep reason is the male-dominated political culture regarding women are inferior to men, coupled with the traditional gender system "continuance" and " regeneration ", which set lots of difficulties for women to enter into the power system. Political power is the core of all other rights, if the lack of women in political decision-making in the long term, it will cause the unfair distribution of political resources, impeding the goal of gender justice institutional system and gender justice value. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the path of gender justice for Chinese woman’s clothing political participation based on the reality of China.The reform of Chinese women’s political participation shows the characteristics of gradualism, and it needs to advance step by step. On the current stage of development relating the relationship between state and society, China is in need of a government dominated women’s political participation mode, namely the government plays a major role and bear the main responsibility in value orientation, policy protection and the overall quality promotion of women. As a short-term strategy, the government dominated mode can reduce the gender gap in political participation to a certain extent, and train the political capacity of women, but the essential equality of men and women need to system and cultural construction guarantee.Human equality awareness is not innate, while the planning and realization of equal ability need to carry out through propaganda, training, etc, Such cultural mould are equally important to both sexes. The government should use many channels of publicity to guide the justice gender culture, indoctrinating and enlightening power consciousness of women, promoting female cultural atmosphere of independence and self-improvement, and stimulating the endogenous power of women’s political participation. It is difficult to change existing concept of gender idea and culture, so promoting women’s political participation mainly rely on internal law system reform. The government’s institutional arrangements should embody the opportunity fairness and procedural justice to both sexes as much as possible, considering excessive potential gender differences in the condition of appropriate objective differences, and letting the least beneficiaries getting compensatory policy as far as possible. At the same time, the government should improve the gender consciousness of the leaders, respect for gender subject selection, allowing modest gender differences, strengthen supervision, evaluation in gender specific policy implementation, and implementation the leadership responsibility in training women cadres.The institution and policy with gender consciousness has self-reinforcing effect. Gender justice values will be formed gradually through the increase women political participation in quantity and quality, and it can react to the male-dominated political culture, finally conducive to the realization of equality of men and women in the real sense. The influence on Chinese women’s political participation relates culture, institution, policy and other factors, stepped development path is needed in order to go from formal equality to gender virtual justice. First of all equality in form between men and women is to be obtained through policy implementation; then realization the gender differences in system design, the ultimate goal is to attain dual gender justice both in public and private field. Women as producers should also be the decision maker. Only the formation of gender justice both in men and women can the political participation of women have a rapid development and progress.